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43 pages 1 hour read

Clarissa Pinkola Estés

Women Who Run with the Wolves

Nonfiction | Book | Adult | Published in 1992

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Chapters 3-5Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 3 Summary: “Nosing Out the Facts: The Retrieval of Intuition as Initiation”

The Slavic folk tale of Vasalisa and Baba Yaga illustrates the importance of intuition in a woman’s life. The story begins with a husband, wife, and their daughter, Vasalisa. The wife grows very ill and, on her deathbed, gives her daughter a little wooden doll. Vasalisa is told to keep it with her at all times because it will give her good advice if she’s wise enough to heed it. When Vasalisa’s father remarries, his new wife and two daughters are cruel to Vasalisa and conspire to have her killed. They let their hearth fire go out and instruct Vasalisa to seek Baba Yaga and ask the old witch for a coal to relight the fire.

Vasalisa walks into the darkened woods. Confused about which way to go, she consults the doll, who nudges her toward Baba Yaga’s cottage. The fierce old hag promises Vasalisa the fire she seeks if the girl will perform tasks that seem impossible. She must do all the housekeeping chores overnight and then sort a pile of poppy seeds from a pile of dirt and a pile of mildewed corn from fresh. The doll advises Vasalisa to sleep while the doll takes care of everything. Baba Yaga is impressed to see all the tasks completed. She gives Vasalisa a lamp made from a skull that burns with an eerie fire. After Vasalisa returns home with the lamp, it burns the wicked stepmother and her daughters to ash.

Estés analyzes the nine tasks Vasalisa must carry out. First, she must allow her too-good mother—the overprotective mother who prevents a child from standing on her own—to die. Second, Vasalisa must expose the inner shadow represented by her vicious stepfamily, acknowledging how her own submissiveness enables her enslavement to continue. Third, she must learn to navigate in the dark by heeding the instructions of her wooden doll. The doll represents intuition, and every woman must learn to heed its promptings.

Fourth, Vasalisa must face the fearsome hag. Baba Yaga represents the Wild Goddess, who wields the powers of life and death. Vasalisa cannot run away but must stand honestly before the crone and make room for the supernatural in her own life. Fifth, Vasalisa is asked to serve the nonrational by performing all of Baba Yaga’s household chores. “All these metaphors offer ways to think about, to measure, feed, nourish, straighten, cleanse, order the soul-life. In all these things Vasalisa is initiated, and her intuition helps her accomplish the tasks” (94).

Sixth, Vasalisa is ordered to sort poppy seeds from dirt and mildewed corn from fresh. “As metaphors, they are also medicines for the mind; some nourish, others put to rest, some cause languor, others, stimulation. They are facets of the Life/Death/Life cycles” (96). These tasks require a fine degree of discrimination, which intuition possesses. Vasalisa is learning how to use hers by allowing the doll to accomplish the necessary sorting.

Seventh, Baba Yaga permits Vasalisa to ask questions about various mysteries. The girl, prompted by her doll, learns when to stop asking questions because too much knowledge all at once can be overwhelming. The eighth task requires Vasalisa to stand on her own feet. All the duties Vasalisa has fulfilled have equipped her to go forward in life, internalizing the values of the Wild Goddess and trusting her intuition, as symbolized by the lighted skull.

The ninth and final task requires Vasalisa to recast the shadow represented by her abusive stepfamily and her own willingness to obey their demands. The fiery skull symbolizes Vasalisa’s new awareness about herself and the world. When she faces her past in the light of the skull, it destroys her shadows. “A woman must choose her friends and lovers wisely, for both can become like a bad stepmother and rotten stepsisters” (106).

Chapter 4 Summary: “The Mate: Union With the Other”

To be a true mate for the Wild Woman, a man must first come to understand the duality of feminine nature. To illustrate this point, Estés tells an African folk tale about a man called Manawee who wants to marry twin sisters. Their father says that unless Manawee can guess their names, his suit will be rejected. Manawee tries repeatedly but fails. His companion on these guessing visits is his little dog. One day, the dog overhears the women address each other by name while he is standing outside their tent. He races back to tell his master the news but gets distracted by a juicy bone left near the road. By the time he finished gnawing the bone, the dog has completely forgotten the names.

The dog goes back again to listen outside the tent as the women call one another by name. On his return journey to find his master, the little dog is distracted by the delicious smell of nutmeg. Someone has left a pie outside to cool, and the dog makes short work of it. Yet again, he forgets the women’s names.

For a third time, the dog travels back to eavesdrop and hears the women’s names repeated. He is determined to let nothing dissuade him from his mission this time as he races back to his master’s home. From out of nowhere, he is seized by a dark stranger who demands the names so that he can marry the women instead. The dog bites the stranger’s hand and drives him away. At last, he arrives back home and tells his master the whole story. Manawee visits the father of the women and supplies the correct names. The twins marry him and live happily with Manawee and his little dog.

This tale illustrates the duality of female nature, which, according to Estés, seems to baffle most men. A woman’s surface temperament may frequently contradict her deeper self. Understanding the Wild Woman requires a man to accept and embrace her duality. Manawee does so in the story with the aid of his dog, which is his own wild nature personified. The dog’s trials in revealing the secret of the names represent the forces that prevent full understanding from being achieved: the distractions of appetite and the dark forces within one’s nature and outside of it. Manawee’s persistence in learning the names indicates that true mates are those who are willing to persevere until they achieve understanding. “The good match is the man who keeps returning to try to understand, who does not let himself be deterred by the sideshows on the road” (125).

Chapter 5 Summary: “Hunting: When the Heart Is a Lonely Hunter”

Once a Wild Woman and Wild Man find one another, they experience stable love as a cycle that includes aspects of death. The author says, “One has to go up against the very thing one fears most. There is no way around it, as we shall see. One must sleep with Lady Death” (128).

“Skeleton Woman” is an Inuit tale about a young woman who is hurled into the sea by her angry father. Her flesh is consumed by fish until only a skeleton remains. One day, a fisherman snags his line on the skeleton. Thinking he’s hooked a large fish, he hauls his catch aboard. Horrified to find that he’s caught a skeleton, the man races for shore and hides in his igloo. The skeleton remains enmeshed in his fishing line and follows him all the way inside.

Once he gets over his initial fright, the man untangles the bones and arranges them into a human shape. He then covers the bones with furs, making the skeleton look almost alive. After this is done, the man goes to sleep. All this while, the skeleton has been conscious, and now she creeps over to the man and drinks the tears he sheds in his sleep. She removes his heart and uses it to conjure a living body for herself. Afterward, she replaces the heart inside his chest and lays down beside him. They wake up the following morning, twined together as lovers ought to be.

Estés sees seven tasks as necessary to establish a lasting love. The first is the fisherman’s discovery of what he believes is a treasure. People who first fall in love feel this attitude toward one another. The second task is the approach-avoidance that usually occurs when two people are first embarking on a romance, just as the fisherman runs away from his catch. The third task is the untangling of fact from fantasy and the adjustments required to make a relationship function, as the fisherman untangles the skeleton from his fishing line and arranges her bones in order.

The fourth task is a stage of relaxation, when two people have become comfortable enough to simply remain in one another’s presence. The fisherman falls asleep in the presence of the skeleton, no longer alarmed by it. The fifth task is a sharing of past and future and the healing of old wounds as displayed when the skeleton drinks the man’s tears. The sixth task involves using the heart to conjure new life and to animate new love. Finally, the seventh task is the union of two bodies and souls when the fisherman and the revivified woman awaken in each other’s arms. Estés explains,

Allow Skeleton Woman to become more palpable in your life, and she will make your life larger in return. When you free her from her tangled and misunderstood state and realize her as both teacher and lover, she becomes ally and partner (156-57).

Chapters 3-5 Analysis

Chapters 3-5 begin the journey toward finding the inner Wild Woman by laying out the initial steps an initiate must perform. The tale of Vasalisa emphasizes the importance of intuition in navigating the internal landscape of the psyche. This naïve young woman is just beginning to become aware of her intuition as embodied by the doll her dying mother gave her. As she follows the twists and turns of the forest, and the story arc, she learns to rely on that intuition and to trust it implicitly by the tale’s conclusion.

A similar process unfolds from a male perspective in the story of Manawee. His role isn’t to become Wild Woman but to understand her dual nature by learning her two names. To do this, he must rely on his inner Wild Man. Manawee’s instinctual nature is represented by his faithful little dog. Although Manawee trusts his instincts, they are easily distracted by sensory allurements and dangerous predators. When he persists in maintaining his focus, he becomes a fit mate for the Wild Woman.

In addition to offering suggestions for how to begin the inner journey toward the Wild Woman, these chapters also explore the dark predator who thwarts the protagonist’s spiritual enlightenment. In each tale, internal and external predators abound. Vasalisa is plagued by her evil stepfamily as well as by her own subservience to them. Manawee’s dog is distracted by his own physical appetites as well as by a dark stranger who seizes him. The fisherman pursued by Skeleton Woman in the third tale is physically chased by a pile of bones, but his own fear of death is even greater.

The Skeleton Woman story also introduces the book’s third major theme: the cycles of time. Rather than seeing death as the adversary of life, the story teaches that life-death-life is an inevitable cycle, not to be feared but accepted as the natural progression of spiritual growth.

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