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66 pages 2 hours read

Janet Fitch

White Oleander

Fiction | Novel | YA | Published in 1999

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Chapters 5-9Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 5 Summary

Astrid is driven out of town to her new placement in a trailer park where a woman named Starr lives. She notes the flora that exist in the area, including oleanders and pear cacti. Davey is Starr’s biological son, and she also has a daughter named Carolee and two foster sons, Owen and Peter. Astrid considers how “tenuous the links were between mother and children, between friends, family, things you think are eternal” (52). She feels sad knowing there must be many more children who have been separated from their families. Astrid has to share a room with Carolee; at night, she can hear Starr having sex in the room next door. Carolee comments on her mother being a fake Christian who has “got the sin virus in her blood” (53).

Astrid is in the car with Starr and Carolee as Starr smokes and talks about how Jesus saved her when she was at her lowest, addicted to cocaine, and her kids had been taken from her. Starr takes the girls shopping at a store full of cheap, vibrant clothing. Astrid is taken aback when Starr tries on a slim-fitted dress and regularly comments on her amazing figure. Starr remarks that Astrid should start wearing a bra since she is 13. Astrid did not realize her birthday has passed amid all the chaos and is shocked to realize she is a teenager.

On Sunday morning, Carolee leaves early to avoid church, and Astrid fakes being sick. She makes breakfast and is soon joined by Ray, Starr’s “lean-faced, sad-eyed” (57) boyfriend. He comments on the fact that Astrid is missing church, and Astrid thinks about how much her mother hated anything to do with Christianity. Ray admits to being married but not having seen or talked to his wife in two years, and it scares Astrid to think that adulthood is so lonely. She fears losing touch with her mother. She starts crying, and Ray comes to comfort her. He begins inappropriately coming onto Astrid, telling her how beautiful she will be when she grows up. Ray starts ruffling through Ingrid’s journal of poems and finds one about Astrid that talks about her sleeping as a child with her “cowrie shell” (61) (private parts) exposed. Astrid resents the poem, feeling embarrassed and violated when her mother used to read it aloud. She feels as if her mother takes ownership of her, treating her as an object of her poetry. A few days later, the caseworker comes to tell Astrid she is going to visit her mother again. Astrid fears her mother’s state and the prison itself.

When Astrid sees her mother, Ingrid’s hair has been cut, but Astrid finds that her eyes are clear and she is as beautiful as ever. Ingrid hugs her, and Astrid is overwhelmed with relief. Ingrid makes Astrid promise to write to her and send her drawings. When Astrid describes Starr and the comfort she received from Ray, Ingrid warns her to stay away from him. Ingrid asks Astrid to tell her more about herself, and Astrid is surprised to find that her mother finally has an interest in knowing her, as if “the long days of sameness had led her back to [her], to remembering she had a daughter tied up somewhere” (68).

Chapter 6 Summary

In church, a dramatic organ introduces Reverend Thomas, the man Starr has been raving about. He begins lecturing about sin and the problems with choosing one’s path. He goes on about the sin virus, and Astrid thinks back to when she failed to warn Barry about her mother, feeling guilty and ashamed. Astrid gets baptized at the church, unconcerned by “how fake [Reverend Thomas] was, how he looked down Starr’s dress” (73). She wants to be cleansed and follow God’s plan. A few days later, Astrid receives a letter from Ingrid. Ingrid is angry that Astrid is falling for the trap of Christianity and tries to remind her that “to dare to see is to steal the fire from the Gods. This is mankind’s destiny, the engine which fuels us as a race” (74). She does not regret her decision to murder Barry and insists that following one’s path is the only acceptable way. A few nights later, Astrid is playing chess with Ray, thinking about how attracted he is to her. Astrid has no one to guide her other than her mother’s distant words, and she becomes increasingly exposed to inappropriate sexual behavior. Over the summer, Astrid takes up painting, sending her mother pictures of everything. Ray teaches Astrid how to shoot various guns, and Astrid starts to see herself as a woman in Ray’s eyes. In reality, she is only 13 and does not realize that Ray is predatory.

Chapter 7 Summary

Astrid turns 14 in November, and Starr’s family holds a birthday party for her. Astrid feels special and is taken aback when she opens the gift from Ray: a carved wooden jewelry box with a moonflower on it, much like the one on the cover of Ingrid’s novel. Days later, torrential rains begin and seem never to stop, ending a years-long drought. Ray asks Astrid about her father, Klaus. Astrid admits that she never met him and only has one photo and her birth certificate. She reveals that Klaus was an artist like her, and she hopes he would be proud of her. Astrid remembers an entry she read in one of Ingrid’s journals that indicated her attraction to Klaus: “I wanted him to discover me the same way, so I turned away, […] my hair on fire, my dress barely there. Waiting to stop his heart” (87). Ray smokes his pipe, getting high in front of Astrid.

Starr accuses Astrid of trying to steal Ray and says she is calling Children’s Services to have Astrid taken away from their home. Astrid brings up the charity of Jesus and protests the accusations. She accuses Starr of jealousy and warns that Ray might break up with her over this. After instilling doubt in Starr, Astrid convinces her to let her stay. One afternoon, Ray takes Astrid to see the house he is working on. After some flirting and talking, Astrid and Ray have sex, and Ray becomes a statutory rapist. He seems to feel guilty about it on some level, but they become increasingly involved with one another. Astrid thinks of nothing but Ray and concludes that “there was no God, there was only what you wanted” (97). She sees herself as her mother when she was with Klaus, not realizing she is still too young to be involved with an adult man.

Chapter 8 Summary

Starr starts to drink again after 18 months of sobriety. One night, Carolee sneaks out as usual, but Starr stops her. Astrid thinks about how she wishes she could draw Carolee in this moment, “the way her broad-shouldered body threw a shadow on the moonpale dust. How brave she looked just then” (103). Starr and Carolee end up in a tussle; Starr tells Carolee to leave. Starr continues to spiral downward, and Astrid blames herself. One day, Starr falls into a rage and breaks one of Davey’s models. When he yells at her, she starts hitting him. She dislocates his shoulder, and Astrid attempts to comfort him as Starr continues insulting him. Astrid calls Ray, who takes Davey to the hospital. Davey makes everyone promise not to tell anyone what happened to him because “he still loved [Starr], after everything” (107).

Two weeks pass, and Starr stops drinking. On Easter, Astrid and Ray do not speak to one another. A few nights later, Astrid overhears Starr and Ray fighting. Ray cannot perform in bed, and Starr suspects it is because of Astrid. She accuses him of being a pervert and then flies into Astrid’s room with a gun, shooting at her. Ray pulls her out, but Starr returns moments later and manages to hit Astrid twice. Davey calls an ambulance, saving Astrid’s life, and packs up her things as she leaves on a stretcher. She wonders if she will ever see Ray again.

Chapter 9 Summary

Astrid is in the hospital, fading in and out of consciousness. She dreams of her mother and being a young child. Ingrid took Astrid to Isla Mujeres, and Astrid remembers the smells, tastes, and people there. When she wakes, Astrid is surrounded by doctors and other people asking her to explain who shot her. Astrid next dreams of Playa del Carmen, where her mother took her next. She becomes severely ill, asking her mother to take her home, to which Ingrid replies, “We have no home. I am your home” (116). Astrid awakes to hear a policeman talking about catching Starr after she comes to see how Astrid is doing. She receives letters from her mother, one of which begs her not to leave the earth. Astrid lies in the hospital, feeling like she has ruined the lives of Starr, Davey, and Ray. Astrid heals enough to walk with a cane and take her bandages off. She is sent to her next placement with what few belongings she has.

Chapters 5-9 Analysis

While living with Starr and Ray, Astrid bonds with Starr’s son Davey, an intelligent boy who seems to understand more than he lets on. Starr and Ray often become sexual in front of the children, and Astrid watches with jealousy. Astrid also starts an inappropriate relationship with Ray. Ray grooms Astrid, at first telling her how beautiful she is and treating her differently than the other children. Astrid is only 13 and falls for Ray’s charms, and Ray takes full advantage of that. Ray even goes so far as to blame Astrid for their affair, telling her, “I never wanted this to happen” (97).

When Astrid and Ray have sex, Astrid compares herself to her mother, seeing herself as a passionate woman. This is a delusion on Astrid’s part, as she is still a young girl. She does have some sense that the relationship is wrong but is ultimately powerless against the influence of a fully grown man: “I felt beautiful, but also interrupted. I wasn’t used to being so complicated” (82). Nevertheless, in Starr’s home, Astrid has her sexual awakening, and her experiences with Ray influence her future relationships and how she views men. When Starr starts to sense that something is going on, she falls back into drinking after being sober for several months. She begins accusing Ray, who denies everything. Ray’s denial only makes Starr angrier, and Starr eventually beats her son Davey and shoots Astrid, wounding them both severely. Astrid is again plunged out into the world's darkness with no idea where she will end up next.

Astrid has never known what a true home is like. While living with her mother, she was left for a year with a neighbor and then taken around Europe at her mother’s whims. Ingrid tells Astrid, “We have no home. I am your home” (116), and Astrid accepts this as fact for a long time. Astrid’s journey to finding a home is never complete, which is a struggle that her mother set up for her. Even living with Paul in Berlin, she still pines for California and her mother’s company. When Astrid first meets Starr’s children, she wonders how many children are living similar stories of abandonment with no clear future. Through her time with Starr, Astrid is awakened to the harsh realities of the world outside her mother’s fantasies and passions. Astrid learns that home is not a definable place for her because she has never truly known one (The Meaning of Home). Instead, she is more like a drifter, and spending her adolescence in foster care only solidifies this trait in her.

Astrid attends church and starts to consider the existence of God, something she later feels grateful for. Astrid contemplates good and evil, what they mean, and whether they exist at all. She sees herself as tainted and feels guilt for being involved with Ray. Ingrid senses Astrid’s questioning and tells her:

If evil means to be self-motivated, to be the center of one’s own universe, to live on one’s own terms, then every artist, every thinker, every original mind, is evil. Because we dare to look through our own eyes rather than mouth cliches lent us from the so-called Fathers. To dare to see is to steal the fire from the Gods. This is mankind’s destiny, the engine which fuels us as a race. Three cheers for Eve (74).

Ingrid celebrates the person who challenges the world and strives to go against it; to her, this is What It Means to Be a Woman. When Astrid visits her mother in prison, she suddenly feels the same sense of smallness and neediness that she did with Ingrid before, craving some small amount of motherly love. In prison, Ingrid suddenly seems interested in Astrid, but this soon proves to be only a ruse to maintain her control over her daughter.

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