80 pages • 2 hours read
Mitch AlbomA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more. For select classroom titles, we also provide Teaching Guides with discussion and quiz questions to prompt student engagement.
Ted and Nightline conduct a second interview with Morrie, who admits to fears that soon he’ll be unable to communicate, something vital to him. Maurie Stein, a fellow Brandeis professor and longtime friend who sent Morrie’s aphorisms to the Boston Globe, is going deaf. Ted asks what it would be like for a deaf man to visit a mute one. Morrie answers that they would hold hands: “we’ve had thirty-five years of friendship. You don’t need speech or hearing to feel that” (88).
Morrie receives a great deal of mail since the first Nightline interview. One was from a teacher whose students each had a parent taken from them by death. Morrie reads his reply to her, saying that her work is important and that he wished he had such a resource as a child when his own mother died. He cries as he reads this aloud. Ted remarks that Morrie’s mother died 70 years earlier: “‘The pain still goes on?’ ‘You bet,’ Morrie whispered” (89).
At age eight and part of a desperately poor immigrant family, Morrie must watch his mother slowly wither and die from an illness. He and his brother move from their lower Manhattan tenement to a communal cabin in the Connecticut woods for fresh air and relaxation. They enjoy the greenery and dance in the rain, but Morrie’s brother comes down with polio. Back in New York, Morrie prays alone at temple on behalf of his mother and brother, and he hawks magazines to help feed the family.
His new stepmother, Eva, arrives from Romania and brings energy to the family. She sings to the children and helps them with school lessons. Still impoverished, they move to a small apartment in the Bronx during the Depression. Eva takes English lessons at night school; believing education will raise them out of poverty, she wants her stepchildren to study hard.
Years later, his father, Charlie, who works in the fur business when he can find a job, brings teenage Morrie with him to the factory—a dark, stuffy place filled with laborers tormented by foremen—but there aren’t any openings. Morrie swears an oath never to exploit others at work. Eva asks what he’ll do for a career. Morrie doesn’t like lawyers, and he hates the sight of blood, which rules out doctoring. He decides to become a teacher.
Morrie begins the meeting with an idea: “Everyone knows they’re going to die, but nobody believes it” (97). He thinks that if people were willing to accept that their time is limited, they wouldn’t waste so much of their lives. Each day, he says, we should ask ourselves if we’re ready to die and whether we’re being the person we want to be.
Morrie borrows from many religions; he’s a “religious mutt,” an agnostic whose cultural heart remains with his original Judaism. He thinks most people are too ambitious about materialism, and they ignore spiritual things: “The loving relationships we have, the universe around us, we take these things for granted” (101).
Morrie’s family and friends help him write replies to all the letters he has received since the Nightline interviews. His sons, Rob and Jon, often participate. One writer lost her mother to ALS; Morrie hopes her grieving will help her to heal. Another writer calls him a prophet; he doesn’t agree but thanks her anyway. One woman writes four grim pages about her suffering—a murder-suicide, three stillborn children, a parent dying of ALS—and Morrie doesn’t know how to answer. Rob suggests, “Thanks for your long letter?” (104). Everyone laughs.
Albom, a sports journalist, finds it ironic that Morrie would be struck down by a disease named for a sports star, Lou Gehrig. He reminds Morrie of Gehrig’s goodbye speech, in which he asserts that he is the luckiest man on the face of the earth. Morrie nods, then says, “Yeah. Well. I didn’t say that” (106).
In September, as students return, Morrie has no classes to teach; he’s like a retired football player who must watch while others take to the field.
Morrie’s study is decorated with photos of himself with family members—his grandmother, his wife, his two sons—and he believes that without the love and protection of family, “we are birds with broken wings” (109). Nothing can replace family, he says, not money, not fame, and—looking pointedly at Albom—not work.
Like Morrie, his family members are very affectionate. He believes that nothing compares to having children; his only regret is that now he must leave them. Albom thinks of his own family, including his sister and, especially, his brother, the youngest, the wild child who moved to Spain. His brother got the pancreatic cancer that Albom was sure was meant for himself. His brother fights the disease alone, refusing help or contact from family. Though Albom is unable to reach his ailing brother, at least he can be with Morrie.
Albom remembers his childhood: Albom and his brother ride a sled down a snowy hillside. Careening toward an oncoming car, they roll off the sled and escape harm. Feeling relieved, they are “ready to take on death again” (116).
Charlotte, Morrie’s wife, answers the door. She says Morrie is having some trouble today but looks forward, as always, to Albom’s visits. Albom holds out the usual bags of food he has brought, and Charlotte confesses that Morrie hasn’t been eating much of it lately because it’s too hard for him to chew and swallow. She says Albom brings him something more important: purpose.
Morrie’s health problems multiply; he has trouble sleeping and often coughs for hours. He says he’s learning to detach himself from experiences. People are afraid of their feelings, of what they might cause, so they avoid them. Instead, Morrie feels them fully—horror, fear, sadness—then lets them go. This isn’t just a practice for the dying, he asserts, but for the living as well.
Albom asks Morrie what he’d want to be if he were reincarnated. Morrie replies, “a gazelle.” Albom looks at Morrie, trapped in his unmoving body, and understands why he would choose so fleet a creature.
In Chapters 11 to 15, Morrie and Albom begin discussing issues from the list of questions Albom jotted down in Chapter 10. We also learn about Morrie’s background—growing up poor in New York, becoming a sociologist, teaching at Brandeis—and how it shapes him.
Jewish by birth, Morrie has studied many religions and has formed his own view of spirituality. He takes a special interest in Buddhism, which is less a religion than a spiritual therapy designed to transform people’s perception of life and thereby liberate them from yearning and anxiety.
In Buddhism, practitioners realize, not merely intellectually but viscerally, that people aren’t separate beings trapped in bodies but are one with the universe—or, conversely, that there is no person having experiences and that all that exists is the experience itself. Death, then, ceases to be a problem, since either we are the universe or there is no “us” to worry about. Freed from the fear of death, people can fully engage with life, and, as their selfish yearnings drop away, they discover a natural compassion for others.
Morrie’s advice about experiencing emotions and letting them go has its roots in mindfulness training. This, in turn, derives from a Buddhist awareness practice called Vipassana that trains practitioners to observe and accept everything that arises in the mind, including feelings both good and bad, and allow them to pass away. Recent studies indicate that mindfulness practice reduces anxiety and improves health outcomes. With acceptance of feelings, the tension and stress of resistance melts away, and the body is better able to function. Instead of struggling with his ALS symptoms, Morrie simply accepts them and is thereafter able to focus on his work with others.
In Chapter 15, Morrie says he doesn’t want to die afraid but at peace. Milton wrote, “I will go down to self annihilation and eternal death / Lest the Last Judgment come & find me unannihilate […]” Milton meant to cleanse his soul of self-conscious fears and ambitions, lest the Devil get his hooks into him. Morrie wants much the same attitude when death comes for him, so that he can accept it calmly instead of kicking and screaming.
Though nominally a sociology professor, Morrie is in many ways a therapist. He experienced the rebellious sixties from a perch near its center, teaching many of the young people who led the protests, encouraging them to resist their more strait-laced ambitions and temptations and search for their own purpose and meaning. Though not of their generation—by the late sixties, Morrie was nearly 50, old enough to be his students’ parent—he became a voice in support of their counterculture.
Despite the idealism, Morrie’s late-sixties students from the Baby Boom generation often ended up, like Albom, leading conventional lives filled with materialistic grasping. Thus, Morrie’s lessons didn’t always take, and, at the end of his life, he finds himself still advising some of the same students. Transcending a culture of greed is harder to do than it looks; Morrie’s deathbed attempts to broadcast his advice on TV and in book form are partly a way of finishing what he began at Brandeis.
By Mitch Albom