logo

45 pages 1 hour read

Paolo Bacigalupi

The Water Knife

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2015

A modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.

Themes

Inequality of Wealth

In the novel, wealthy citizens in the Southwest have enough money to buy their way across borders and into arcologies like the Cypress developments in Las Vegas or the Taiyang in Phoenix. The wealthy are largely unaffected by the drought and dust storms that the poorer people living outside of the arcologies endure. The people in these apartments often take for granted the water, privacy, and comfort they are afforded. At one point in the novel, Maria is observing Ratan in his apartment: “At one time she’d had all these things, too. Simple basic things. Faucets. A room of her own. A/C. And she’d taken them all for granted, just as this man did. He didn’t realize the magic of his life” (178). What’s more, poor people like Maria are often at the mercy of the wealthy in order to survive. Maria sleeps with Ratan not only to pay rent, but also so she can do her laundry and take a shower with his water. As she puts it: “But it wasn’t the money that mattered. Lingering here—that was everything” (178). Wealth inequality that already existed is further exacerbated when a necessity like water is priced like a luxury because of how scarce it’s becoming. There is a redirection of wealth in the novel. People give up all their expensive clothes, houses, and belongings so they might have a chance at hiring a coyote who will guide them across the Colorado River to Nevada or California, where water is more readily available. Water is money and power, and there are those who have water and those who don’t. Angel’s character is a well-paid spy and mercenary at the beginning of the novel. After Case decides he might be double-crossing her and cancels his expense account, Angel experiences the difference in lifestyles between those with money and those without money in the new Southwest. 

The Effects of Climate Change

Along with severe drought in the Southwest, the novel also alludes to other climate-related disasters happening across the United States. When Case is talking to Angel before sending him to Phoenix, she mentions how journalists will forget all about what they had done in Carver City: “By tomorrow they’ll be chasing a supertornado in Chicago, or some Miami seawall break” (56). Throughout the novel, characters mention that other cities like New Orleans and Austin have fallen. We’re told that Louisiana is full of hurricane refugees and that there are rising tides on the east coast. There are descriptions about how China was better positioned to handle the climate crisis and outmaneuvered America to take over as the leading economic power because of it. On top of these multiple environmental crises, climate change has exacerbated political unrest as well, with each state creating its own militias and fighting its neighbors for resources. Many of the characters in the novel emphasize that climate change is happening—they saw what was coming and chose not to do anything about it. The novel looks at what might happen in the near future if we do nothing to stop climate change now.  

The Disintegration of the United States of America

Angel fled Mexico with his father as the country dissolved into the Cartel States. He describes how, as the country was dissolving, he’d see innocent people and journalists strung up on fences as warnings. People would disappear without warning. With the government dissolving, cartel gangs took over. Much of the same thing is beginning to happen in the United States in the novel. With the passage of the State Sovereignty Act, state borders became closed off, and people in the United States couldn’t move freely from state to state. States like Nevada and California formed their own militias to prevent refugees from Texas and Arizona from illegally crossing the border into their state. Maria describes how her father used to believe that America was all about having the freedom to do what you wanted, but the America that Maria sees looks very different. The United States in this novel is divided along state lines and consumed by petty in-fighting. The federal government lacks the time, energy, and resources to prevent a new kind of civil war from breaking out. To illustrate the point, Toomie tells Maria a story about a man from India he met:

[T]he thing he said that stuck with me was that people are alone here in America. They’re all alone. And they don’t trust anyone except themselves, and they don’t rely on anyone except themselves. He said that was why he thought India would survive all this apocalyptic shit, but America wouldn’t. Because here, no one knew their neighbors (250).
blurred text
blurred text
blurred text
blurred text