logo

85 pages 2 hours read

Camron Wright

The Rent Collector

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2012

A modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more. For select classroom titles, we also provide Teaching Guides with discussion and quiz questions to prompt student engagement.

Chapters 1-3Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 1 Summary

The first-person narrator, Sang Ly, tells her story in retrospect. She confesses that she once “believed that heroes existed only in old men’s fables, that evil in the world had triumphed over good, and that love—a true, unselfish, and abiding love—could only be found in a little girl’s imagination” (1). Due to the hardships her family must endure and the state of her country, Sang resigns to painful truths about her life and future: “[T]he gods were deaf […] Buddha was forgotten, and […] I would never again see the natural beauty of my home province” (1).

The story begins with Sang’s recounting of a dream she has about her grandfather, who tells her, “Life will not always be so hard or so cruel” (2). Sang’s husband, Ki Lim, awakens her from the dream to the reality of her life: She lives on the edges of “the largest municipal waste dump in Phnom Penh—indeed, in all of Cambodia” (5), called Stung Meanchey. The dump’s name ironically means “River of Victory,” and this is where she and her husband scavenge for things to sell or re-use. Despite the many dangers of the dump—toxic runoff when it rains, constant fire and smoke, medical waste, and violent, opportunistic gangs—Sang and Ki labor to provide for their terminally ill baby, Nisay.

Sang maintains that life is not solely “miserable or entirely without joy” because “there are slivers of time when life at the dump feels normal, almost beautiful” (6). However, it is clear that she is unhappy, especially in light of 16-month-old Nisay’s poor health. Soon, “the Cow,” whose real name is purportedly Sopeap Sin, knocks on the door demanding the rent. Sang explains they are short because they had to buy medicine for Nisay, but the Rent Collector does not care. Sopeap reminds Sang that she has “people begging for this place” (8), and Sang insists that Ki will make enough picking to make up the shortfall. Sopeap begrudgingly agrees to return that evening.

Chapter 2 Summary

Sang describes life at the dump, noting that the “work is grueling in this place where Phnom Penh’s poorest families struggle to build a life from what others throw away—a life where the hope of tomorrow is traded to satisfy the hunger of today” (10). Sang explains that the pickers, like her husband, will often rest in temporary shelters.

Some of the pickers decorate these shelters, which can be “elaborate, even works of art” (11), even though the municipal workers eventually destroy them in their attempts to keep the always-smoldering fires at the dump under control. Sang takes Ki his lunch and learns that Ki has gathered enough to pay the rent as well as a book for Nisay. As Sang plans how she will tease Sopeap before paying her the rent, bandits attack and rob Ki on his way home.

The next morning, Sang convinces Ki to go to the doctor. Sang waits for Sopeap, believing her own “pride […] brought this evil upon [her] family” (19). Sopeap tells Sang to vacate the house by the following day, and Sang pleads with her to have mercy when Sopeap spots the book that Ki found for Nisay. Sopeap’s reaction to the book bewilders Sang: The Rent Collector begins crying and wailing, “a painful, sorrowing lament as if all the earth’s darkness were conspiring to snuff out her existence” (20) before rushing out with the book. Sang does not understand Sopeap’s reaction, but she does realize that Sopeap, unlike Sang, can read. Ki returns with stitches in his head and a knife strapped to his leg to protect himself.

In the morning, Sang prepares to go out picking, and she describes the different methods. The first method is to go through the ash after a fire, which is dangerous because if the pickers “march through the ash too soon, hidden scrap will burn through [their] rubber boots in seconds” (24). This can lead to injury severe enough to cripple them. The second method is to trail the garbage trucks that enter the dump. This is Ki’s preferred method, but it is highly competitive and dangerous, as some of the drivers try to injure the pickers. The third method is the one Sang uses most often, “working […] in open areas that have been stirred up by passing bulldozers” (25). It requires persistence and patience, though Sang notes that it is dangerous for her because it gives her too much time to think. By the time Sang finishes for the day, she has thought of a plan to help her family, one that involves Sopeap.

Chapter 3 Summary

Sopeap returns to Sang’s home. She asks after Ki, then offers to buy the book from Sang. Sang tells her the book is hers to keep, and Sopeap says she will mark the rent as paid. Just as she prepares to leave, however, Sang works up the courage to ask Sopeap to teach her how to read; Sang believes this will improve their lives, especially Nisay’s. Sopeap is both astonished and dismissive. Sang believes literacy lessons will give her “something to look forward to, a reason to fight” (30). In turn, she believes “reading will fill [Nisay] with courage” (30) and hope. However, Sopeap refuses, telling Sang that hope has “died at Stung Meanchey” (31).

Sang is angry and remembers why she hates Sopeap, and she retorts that it is Sopeap who is dead. Oddly, this makes Sopeap laugh and change her mind. She agrees to teach Sang, provided that Sang finds paper and pencils, does all her homework, and pays Sopeap with a good bottle of rice wine every week. Sang agrees to Sopeap’s conditions, but Ki is unsure it is a good idea; he says that Sopeap is “a witch” and that he does not trust her, but Sang is determined to learn to read and to give Nisay every possible “chance to do better” (29).

Chapters 1-3 Analysis

Wright introduces many of the central concerns of the story in these chapters. In Chapter 1, for example, Sang Ly recounts a dream she has about her grandfather. Dreams are an important motif to the overall narrative, and Sang’s response to her dream reveals that she most likely believes in the religious practices of the Khmer, who comprise much of Cambodia’s population. The Khmer practice a form of religion that combines elements of Buddhism with veneration of the dead and a belief that their ancestors watch over and involve themselves in the lives of the living.

Chapter 1 also introduces one of the central themes of the text, the importance of story. Sang recounts the fable told about the Rent Collector, a stingy, drunken woman who collects the rent of those who, like Sang and her family, live at the edge of Stung Meanchey. According to the fable, the “Rent Collector,” also known as “the Cow,” or by what Sang thinks is her real name, Sopeap Sin, is the illegitimate daughter of the sky god Vadavamukha. To hide the evidence of his infidelity, the sky god places his daughter in a trash can and hurls it to earth where it becomes the dump. Fables and stories can explain origins, teach lessons, and reveal much more than what is on the surface. Wright uses this fable to explain Sopeap’s presence and to reveal how much the others at the dump both hate and fear her.

Chapter 2 deals with the importance of the dump, a real place the Cambodian government closed in 2009. At Stung Meanchey, real people lived and worked out of desperation. Wright wants the reader to understand the brutal poverty in which Sang and her family live, as well as emphasize the importance of not perceiving the dump as merely hell on earth. It is a home, not just to Sang and her family, but to many others. Furthermore, it is a home in which its residents laugh, love, and live, not just struggle to survive: “Pigs forage in the dirt lanes, children pick teams and play soccer, mothers and fathers banter about their day, babies are born, life presses on” (6).

Wright uses foreshadowing in unexpected ways throughout the text. For example, he often ends a chapter by hinting at what is to come, as in Chapter 2, when Sang reveals that she has come up with a plan to improve the life of her family, but that plan—to have Sopeap teach Sang to read—is not revealed until the next chapter. Chapter 3 then returns to the power of story and introduces the importance of hope, which is what Sang wants to give her son. To do that, she believes she must learn to read.

blurred text
blurred text
blurred text
blurred text