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Marie BenedictA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
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Hedy sits at a party, but her mind is elsewhere. Over the past few days, she’d been trying to remember every detail of every conversation she’d overheard as Mrs. Mandl, hoping to find something to use against the Nazis. After making a long list of military and weaponry plans she remembers, Hedy decides the torpedo system is the greatest weakness in the German army. Her every waking thought, from then on, is dedicated to exploiting that weakness. At the party, Hedy sits next to composer George Antheil. She compliments him on creating a complicated composition, and he invites her to duet. As they play, they each adapt to the other’s melody. Suddenly inspired, Hedy asks George to work on an invention with her that will “shorten the war” (202).
Hedy and George return to Hedy’s house. He is surprised to find her drawing room full of notes, textbooks, and sketches. She explains that the Germans struggle to create a radio-control system for their torpedoes. Though controlling the weapons remotely is more accurate and safer for those operating it, an enemy can jam the frequency once they figure out which radio frequency the torpedo is using. Overwhelmed and confused, George, a composer, wonders why Hedy would seek his help. Hedy trusts George and believes he has the ingenuity and grit needed for the task. Mostly, though, she was inspired by their duet; if they can create a signal transmitter and receiver that responds to each other and adapts like they did as they invented melodies, then they can create a torpedo that constantly changes frequencies and is undetectable. Stunned by Hedy’s genius, George agrees to help.
George and Hedy fall into comfortable familiarity as they spend every free minute they have together working on the invention. Between filming Ziegfeld Girl, raising Jamesie, and their partnership, Hedy looks increasingly fatigued. On this particular warm afternoon, they are stumped over the final step of their plan; they’ve created a working radio signal device but struggle to create a frequency that switches automatically and frequently. Suddenly, Hedy realizes that they could model the system after the ribbon of a player piano in which the torpedo or ship would have “holes” in the radio sequence; one system would act as the transmitter while the other is the receiver. As the ribbons move around a control head, the perforated roll “could trigger a mechanism that could move specific switches” (213) that produce a new signal.
They are both elated: George kisses Hedy in his excitement, but she pushes him away furiously. Her entire life, men only saw her as somewhere to put their desires, but she’d thought George was different. He is the only male friend she’s ever had, and that means more to her “than any affair” (213). Understanding the depth of his betrayal, George is desolately apologetic. Hedy forgives him, knowing that she would want the same absolution for her mistakes.
A week later, George and Hedy are still working on making their plans work. In the middle of their work, George’s wife, Boski, arrives, furious at her husband who has been absent at home for months. Hedy thought George’s wife and son were away and feels awful for keeping him away from his family. Hoping to prove that she is not having an affair with Boski’s husband, Hedy tells the woman that they are working on a new torpedo system for the war effort. Boski laughs—she doesn’t believe that a composer and an actress who is “nothing but a pretty face” (217) could invent anything. Boski’s words hurt Hedy deeply, but she shows Boski their work. Once Boski sees the plans, the models, and sketches strewn around the room, Boski believes them.
A year later, in September of 1941, George surprises Hedy on the set of her next movie. The National Inventors’ Council has recommended their invention to the US Navy, citing that it should be “consider[ed] for military use” (223). Hedy is overjoyed and begins to hope that the world might actually see her for more than her beauty. She chastises herself, though; “[t]he war-shortening legacy of the invention alone would be enough” (224).
In Chapters 36 and 37, Hedy’s identity as an actress is usurped by her new identity as a hobbyist inventor. This is a conscious, concerted effort made by Benedict, whose overwhelming goal of the novel is to usurp Hedy’s acting legacy with one that recognizes her intelligence. In Chapter 36, the meeting with George emphasizes the triviality of life in Hollywood while lives are lost to the war. Hedy and George’s minds are preoccupied from the festivities, both obsessing over what they can do for the Allies. In expressing this, Hedy finds an ally in George, leading to their partnership. Most importantly, the two chapters demonstrate Hedy’s brilliance; with inspiration from her background in music, she creates something no other military has yet to come up with. Though others belittle her ability to invent because of her lack of formal training, Benedict takes pains to outline that Hedy’s unusual experiences have led to this.
Raised to be curious, having been seated with great scientific minds, and having more empathy and grit than anyone would expect of her, Hedy’s informal training leads her to the moment of solving the torpedo problem in Chapter 38. In Chapter 37, the image of Hedy as an actress above all else is intentionally undone as George takes in her messy workspace. When he admits that he thought the floors would be covered in “makeup, jewelry, and gowns” (204) instead of books and sketches, George comments upon a typical assumption; actresses, especially those as well-known and prolific as Hedy, are expected to be vapid and simple, not curious and inventive. Therefore, this chapter subtly alludes to how misconceptions based upon patriarchal standards are harmful to the advancement of women in the sciences. Even George, who respects Hedy, is surprised to learn how advanced her work is.
As Hedy works relentlessly in Chapter 38, the novel articulates that her burden is a burden of knowledge. She recognizes that she is uniquely positioned to make her invention a reality, and the pressure to do so consumes her. Her ceaseless work ethic indicates that her guilt over not speaking out against Nazism earlier on is still her main drive. This is one reason she is so relieved to finally figure out how to make her invention work; it proves that she is capable and gives her a tangible thing to work on to alleviate her guilt. However, George’s kiss undercuts Hedy’s success. Hedy entered into a scientific partnership with George endeavoring to be taken seriously and to be respected. George breaches this trust, sending the message that Hedy can only be a romantic interest to men, never a friend or partner.
However, George’s kiss is less about his desire and more about gendered expectations that he is attempting to prescribe to when he admits that he doesn’t know why he did it. With this, Benedict communicates that men, too, fall victim to overwhelming pressure to maintain patriarchal standards in cross-sex friendships. Society has trained George to view women as receptors of his desire, and though he actively works against it, he sometimes inadvertently acts on this conditioning. Hedy’s willingness to forgive George reveals her understanding of this on some level—she cannot begrudge him when she is also working to undo the very same conditioning. Hedy has a pattern of offering absolution to others—whether they deserve it or not—because that is what she seeks most for herself.
Chapters 39 and 40 emphasize what is at stake personally for Hedy in this invention. Aside from the obvious and most important benefit of shortening the war, if this invention is a success, it will prove to Hedy and the world that she isn’t just “a pretty face” (217). Therefore, when Boski arrives and argues that Hedy cannot create anything because of her beauty, the woman touches upon Hedy’s greatest insecurity. Boski’s comment is indicative of a wider phenomenon that the novel tackles repeatedly, that beautiful women can be nothing more than beautiful. Deeper within that, the comment betrays a social conditioning that relies upon women perpetuating these ideas within themselves and projecting them onto other women. Boski attempts to do this, but Hedy breaks the cycle by responding with patience and empathy. This interaction is symbolic of Hedy’s lifelong goal; by showing Boski that she is indeed capable of great genius, she could also show the world.
Chapter 40 reiterates this sentiment as George and Hedy learn that their invention has been recommended for Naval consideration. Hedy dreams of a world in which she is so much more than beautiful. However, the pulls of her social responsibility cause her to condemn herself for that dream. This is a pattern for Hedy; she becomes consumed by her immediate problems and then feels awful for not acting to save or protect others. Just as working with Fritz allowed her freedom but resulted in lasting guilt over the suffering she might have caused, Hedy is again grappling over her self-interest; she struggles to recognize that she can hope the invention frees her from her mask and end the war.
By Marie Benedict