56 pages • 1 hour read
Claire LombardoA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Jonah and Violet arrive at Wendy’s home with few possessions. Wendy remembers being the first person to ever hold him and how she sang to him. She tells him that the guest room and bathroom are ready for him, and she is pleased that he is kinder to her than he is to Violet. Violet gets ready to leave, and Wendy suggests that Violet have dinner with Jonah, thinking that Violet is being let off too easy. Violet hesitates and says how busy she is. Jonah surmises from the expensive Chicago apartment that Wendy is rich, and Wendy points out that Violet is rich as well. He asks about her parents, and she tells him that they will love Jonah and are excited to meet him. She tells him that her husband died of renal cancer.
Jonah’s return has caused a strain on Violet’s marriage. She thinks about Wendy and Jonah and hopes they are not doing drugs or drinking together. Matt, Violet’s husband, asks Violet how the day went, and she notes how few possessions Jonah has, and how she realized that she knows barely anything about him. Matt reminds her that because they do not know him, he is a bit of a wild card. She asks if they can have Jonah for dinner like Wendy suggested, and he feels put on the spot. He is upset because he feels like she is not putting their family first when she considers Jonah.
Liza and Ryan go to her parents’ house. Liza is pregnant. She asks Ryan if he will be able to handle the night, and he tells her that he will be okay. Liza cries after telling her parents she is pregnant but assures them that they are tears of joy. Privately, Liza yearns to tell her mother that everything is not okay.
David can sense that something is wrong with Liza. She asks about Grace, and David tells her that Grace seems adrift. Liza assures her father that she did not know about Jonah, because she is the last person in the family to learn about anything. When Liza and Ryan leave, David asks Marilyn if she wants to talk about things, but she says she is too tired and they can talk in the morning. Marilyn thinks Liza seemed well, but David thinks she seemed like Marilyn when she was pregnant.
Wendy and Jonah talk about education, and she tells Jonah not to dismiss the possibility of Princeton. She tells him that she will pay for his college, and he starts to get used to how often she talks about Miles. Jonah does not remember much about his adoptive parents because they died when he was very young. Jonah asks Wendy about his dad, and Wendy tells him basic information about the man she thinks may be his father.
Marilyn and David live in Iowa while he is in school, and she does not like the color of their kitchen. Some of her college credits do not transfer over. Married life is not exactly as Marilyn imagined because David is so busy with schoolwork. They have a fight. He is upset that she decided to paint the kitchen without telling him, while she is upset because she is stuck at home while he gets to live an interesting life. After this fight, they conceive Wendy.
The two go out to dinner, and she tells him that she is failing a class. The waitress comes by and acknowledges that David found the person he was looking for, a pregnant blonde woman, and this description makes Marilyn sad. He offers to do her work for her, but she says that he could get in trouble for that, then admits that she has already dropped all of her classes and will get a full refund. She tells him that she is exhausted and overwhelmed, and she apologizes for not telling him about dropping her classes. Eventually Wendy is born, and Violet is born less than a year later.
Jonah is amazed by all the large houses in the family. Wendy and Violet take Jonah to meet David and Marilyn. Violet leaves her husband and kids at home. Jonah is afraid of David and Marilyn’s dog, Loomis. Marilyn gets teary, and her husband offers Jonah soda, surprising Violet because her parents never bought them soda. They have dinner, and Jonah, overwhelmed by the chaotic family scene, takes a break in the bathroom. He leaves the bathroom and sees Liza kissing a man in a car; he assumes it’s Ryan. Liza enters the house, and Jonah wonders why Ryan does not come in as well.
Grace talks to her parents and thinks about how she should tell them the truth that she didn’t get accepted to law school. She is disturbed by her dismal life. David tells her about Jonah, and she gets jealous hearing him talk about someone younger than her, the baby of the family.
David is researching tree diseases to try to help the ailing gingko tree in their yard. He wonders if it is just too old to survive anymore; after all, it was already a very large tree when he and Marilyn first met. He has a lot of extra time now that he has retired, and it troubles him that instead of delivering babies, he now spends his time researching trees. He finds honey fungus on the tree. If the disease is in the roots, the tree may die.
Violet and Jonah meet for coffee. She tells him that her parents like him. He explains that Wendy has enrolled him in Israeli military training, called Krav Maga, at her gym. He really likes living with Wendy, and Violet does not know how to feel about this. She remembers talking to him in utero and telling him how unfair it is when people think you have everything together but you don’t.
Violet is born before Thanksgiving, and David wants to skip Thanksgiving with his father, but Wendy insists he go and take Wendy so his father will not be alone. David’s father tells him that his mother seemed to know how to do everything once David was born. His father recommends having a second Thanksgiving in a couple of weeks, once Marilyn has recovered.
In public with David’s colleagues, Marilyn presents herself as being confident, and she tells one of them that her current life is “the most fun I’ve ever had” (144). At home, she is not confident. Later, she is embarrassed by the comment, and they start to repeat this phrase throughout the years during times of trouble.
Matt instructs his kids not to tell anybody at school about Jonah. Jonah gets along well with Wyatt and Eli. Matt is upset that Violet told the boys Jonah is their brother. One day Jonah visits them, and when Wyatt screams from the playroom, Violet runs in, worried that Jonah did something to the kids. He is just doing a handstand for them.
Liza asks her mother if she ever considered life without their father. Her mother says no, and Liza realizes that her parents have always been very much in love. Her mother assures her, however, that she has at times gotten very angry at David. Liza tells her mom that things are fine at home, but Marilyn says that she is not good at lying. Liza does not admit that she worries about the genes Ryan could be passing on to their children.
Marilyn thinks that Wendy may be a sociopath. Wendy bites her mom, and Violet, scared, then climbs onto her mom’s lap and tells her that everything will be okay. Usually Wendy only misbehaves when David isn’t home. When Wendy is five years old, Marilyn tells her husband that she is afraid of Wendy. Wendy starts to act up more often, including when David is home, and he gives her some tough love. She comes back in a bit to hug him. At times, Marilyn hates both Wendy and David. David realizes that Marilyn is pregnant again, and when Liza is born she is an easy baby.
Liza wonders if living a normal life just requires acting. She wakes Ryan to try to get him to join her in purchasing baby items in order to help alleviate his depression, but he turns her down. He plans to play video games, and she recommends he play with Jonah.
Grace goes to get coffee and talks to the barista. He also works as a bike messenger and has made deliveries to her office. The two chat over her coffee. Grace believes that her sisters are relatively stable and that she struggles more than they do.
Meanwhile Gillian, Liza’s new obstetrician and her mother’s former obstetrician, tells Liza that her tests look great, but Liza does not want to know the gender because she believes she is already failing as a mother. Liza asks Gillian, who used to work with David, if she ever had an affair with her father. Gillian is angry and tells her that they did not have sex, and Liza apologizes for asking.
It is David and Marilyn’s 40th anniversary, and David does not believe anyone has ever loved anybody else as much as he loves Marilyn. He has known since Marilyn first got pregnant that he would die for his daughters but that he would always love their mother more.
Marilyn’s father dies. She tells her husband about a dead mouse and ants in their house and how she cannot get any exercise because their house is so small. She then tells him that they have inherited her father’s house. While he does not look forward to living in the upscale neighborhood, he agrees to move.
Jonah has begun to feel concerned about Wendy’s behavior, and he asks her if she wants him to bring her a bottle of wine. She gets offended by this question, and he says he just asked because sometimes she wants him to bring her one. She asks him what he thinks of her. He tells her that he thinks her life is sick, but when she looks upset, he reassures her that he means it in a good way, like she is not concerned about things the way other people are. Wendy later calls David and asks him if Jonah can live with David and Marilyn. Violet calls Wendy, upset about uprooting Jonah, and Wendy tells Violet that she played a role in all of this as well. Violet tells her she wants nothing to do with her, and Wendy says that Violet is somehow able to convince people that she is normal when she is really messed up.
Throughout the novel, Jonah is a foil to the other Sorensons, a fact that is signaled largely by the wealth disparities between them. Marilyn and all four of her daughters grew up with generational wealth. Furthermore, when Wendy and Violet reach adulthood, they amass incredible amounts of wealth. Their generational wealth symbolizes the security they experience in childhood, while Violet’s wealth in adulthood demonstrates the degree to which she can provide for her family (excluding Jonah). The Sorenson household had problems, but it was always shown to be secure. Jonah’s upbringing, on the other hand, was not secure in the least. He was adopted by loving parents, but he lost them when he was very young. He was then passed along to different families and spent some time in a group home. His lack of wealth compared to Wendy’s extraordinary wealth illustrates the gulf between them. It also raises the question as to how much wealth and security affect one’s life and health.
The Irrevocable Bonds of Family are shown when Liza tells her parents about her pregnancy. Ryan asks David for parenting advice and David tells him that he and Marilyn have always floundered. This exchange speaks to the difficulties of raising children, and helps to explain some of the emotional wounds the daughters carry into adulthood. Marilyn and David are good parents, but they are not perfect, and their imperfections affect their children. During the same conversation, David notices Liza acting strangely and compares it to Marilyn’s behavior when she was pregnant, showing either a biological or a behaviorally learned tie between the two women. The ties that bind generations are shown in both their positive and negative manifestations throughout the novel.
The degree to which Marilyn feels her personality and life has been usurped by her family is illustrated in her conversation with David at the restaurant when they are newly married. He describes his wife as being a pregnant woman, and she realizes that this is how she is defined by people from the outside. Furthermore, she has been forced to put her education on hold because she cannot handle being pregnant and being in school at the same time. Forced to choose between the needs of her family and her personal ambitions, she chooses the former. While she never expresses regret for this decision, it is a decision that will affect her for the rest of her life, and it is also a decision her daughters will judge as they grow up.
David’s amazement at how well Marilyn does as a mother illustrates The Suffering of Not Being Seen. Marilyn does not feel like she is thriving when her daughters are growing up. She loves them and does her best to raise them well, but she is frequently overwhelmed, and the house is described by numerous people as being chaotic. David, however, is in awe of her. This demonstrates his respect and appreciation for her, but it also shows that he does not fully understand all that she sacrifices, including her own mental health, in order to care for her family. This lack of understanding will eventually cause them to feel alienated from each other.
The Role of Parental Love in Family Dynamics is demonstrated through Liza and her mother’s discussion about relationships. Liza suffers in her relationship to a degree that Marilyn never did. While Marilyn and David had plenty of problems, they always wanted each other in their lives. Because many of the day-to-day struggles of raising a family have lessened as the daughters moved out of the house, Marilyn either does not remember the specifics of her difficulties or she chooses not to share them with her daughter. The close relationship her parents have always had leaves Liza feeling alone and alienated. While Marilyn and David’s relationship is shown throughout the novel as being a source of strength and security for their children, it has some negative effects on them as well. Marilyn’s inability to comfort Liza also elaborates on the novel’s theme that people are strengthened through adversity. Because Marilyn never experienced Liza’s relationship problems, she is ill-equipped to help her.