55 pages • 1 hour read
Toni MorrisonA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Content Warning: These chapters contain scenes of potential assault and instances of racism and the use of slurs.
The day after the stranger is discovered, Margaret locks herself away in her room, refusing to come out. She misses her mother and the trailer she grew up in and believes that Valerian invited the man to stay for dinner as punishment for her wanting to leave with Michael. Sequestered in her room, Margaret is unaware of what is happening with the man in the house, and whether Valerian has moved to report or evict him.
Elsewhere in the house, Jadine shows Ondine the coat made of 90 baby seal pelts sent from Ryk as a Christmas gift. She insists to her aunt that this does not mean she is rushing into a quick marriage. Ondine, uncomfortable with the stranger in the house, is reassured by Jadine that Valerian will have the man gone by that night or tomorrow at the latest. Ondine leaves, with Christmas dinner meal-prep on her mind, while Jadine wraps presents. As she works, Jadine agonizes over whether she should get Michael a present and thinks of how much Sydney and Ondine are coming to depend on her. She remembers the night before and everyone’s shock at the stranger. Sydney dropped a bowl while serving the man because the man said “hi” to him. Valerian is unfazed by the man and even enjoys his company, though the man won’t reveal his name. The stranger tells Valerian he’s hidden in the house for five days and was exploring the house and hid in the closet in a panic when he heard Margaret coming.
In the kitchen, Ondine instructs Yardman to kill and prepare a chicken for her, as she no longer has the speed or strength to do so herself. He doesn’t pluck the chicken, and when Sydney finds Ondine plucking the chicken herself, he wants to call Yardman back to do it like he should have. Ondine refuses, and as Sydney complains about Valerian and the man from the closet, she tries to calm him. Sydney is appalled and angered by Valerian putting the man in the guest room. Not only does that put the stranger next to Jadine, but it also confers on the trespasser a higher status, above him and Ondine. Ondine assures Sydney that normalcy will return once the man is gone, hoping to assuage her husband so that he does not quit. After their interaction, Ondine is both proud and shocked she acted to keep the calm, despite her own fears.
Thérèse, the woman Yardman brings, has a bet with Gideon, Yardman’s actual name, about how long the hidden man will last before being found. They both saw the signs he was at the house, such as the chocolate wrappers and empty water bottles. While Thérèse does laundry outside, Gideon comes and tells her that the Streets found the stranger and that he saw the man in Jadine’s room. Both wonder if Jadine and the stranger have a budding relationship. Gideon initially emigrated from Queen of France to Québec and then the US, but Thérèse, his aunt and older by only two years, lured him back with letters about needing help caring for their land. He came back, but there was no land or work, and he now must rebuild their house with every hurricane but did find luck with the job at the Streets. Thérèse keeps imagining a backstory about the stranger, and Gideon reminds her of who the Streets are. While she thinks there might be love between the man and Jadine, she realizes that the Streets, a judgmental family, may just kill the stranger.
In the house, Jadine decides to take a shower. When she comes out of the shower and looks in the mirror, she sees the stranger behind her. He greets her, though still won’t reveal his name. She tells him that she is a fashion model, and he is in awe of her magazine photos. She is captivated by his eyes, and explains that the Streets are her patrons, paying for her schooling and supporting her financially at times. He won’t look at her, saying he can’t if she won’t stay still. He remembers sneaking into her room at night while he hid and watching her sleep, trying to influence her dreams to show a future with him. He asks her how many sexual favors she had to perform to be a successful model, and she attacks him in anger. He wraps her up and holds her, telling her not to act white. She tells him to make no such assessment of her and says he stinks. He smells her, pushing himself into her back before he lets her go. She tells him she will tell Valerian, and he doesn’t protest, only requesting that she doesn’t share how he smelled her.
Jadine goes in search of Valerian, but stops outside, sits on a rock, and thinks. In her life, there have been many men with whom she had startling interactions. This interaction with the stranger is nothing new, and yet it leaves her feeling embarrassed and shaken. She remembers seeing the mistreatment of a dog in heat as a child in Baltimore. The dog was abused for something out of her control and was punished for the actions of male dogs around her. Jadine feels like that dog after Son smelled her. Ever since that moment as a child, Jadine promised herself to not let men break her. She is also aware and uncomfortable with the notion of her reporting a Black man to a white man and finds herself more confused than before, about life and the weird game that Valerian is playing by keeping the stranger at the house. She makes up her mind to tell Valerian of the man’s actions and finds Valerian in the greenhouse, laughing with the man.
Jadine tells Margaret she saw Valerian and the man laughing together in the greenhouse and is worried that Valerian will not evict the man. Margaret thinks Valerian is doing this to ruin the holiday and uses racist language to describe the man and his appearance. Margaret suggests that she and Jadine could fly to Miami to escape Valerian’s mess, and Jadine agrees to go along with the plan if needed. For most of the next day, Jadine stays in her room, but when she leaves, the man comes in and takes a shower, washing weeks of dirt and sweat from his body. He takes a robe from Jadine’s closet and leaves, thinking about how everyone but Valerian is afraid of him. He did not follow the women from the boat, and he never meant to stay at L’Arbe de la Croix. It was the aggressive mosquitoes, an avocado from a tree, and the sight of a piano in the house that drew him and kept him there. The piano stirred up memories of being ridiculed as a child for learning to play, and kept him up the entire first night, making him nocturnal.
He jumped his ship in the first place because of intense homesickness, and on the Streets’ property he stayed in the gazebo, coming into the house occasionally for food at night. Soon, he began exploring the house and watching Jadine while she slept, and he was taken by her beauty. He knows he needs to come up with a name and story for Valerian and the others, though his true name is Son. Still in Jadine’s room, Son sees Gideon outside and has an emotional reaction to watching Gideon work outside while he stands clean inside.
Valerian sees Thérèse at the washhouse and is reminded that he built it to keep a part of his childhood with him. He had a washerwoman growing up whom he would talk to. His father was ailing and unable to leave his bed, but every time he saw the woman, she would ask where his father was, and he would always make something up. When his father died and the woman asked where his father was, he told her he died. The woman let him scrub laundry with her, letting his emotions out. She was fired when the family’s butler found out.
The night before, when Son was discovered, Valerian saw a vision of Michael in the room, and Valerian believes it was Michael’s image that convinced him to let the man stay. He thought that Margaret was being hysterical and did not believe her claims of a man in her closet. He is then irked by everyone thinking he is proven wrong when Son is led in. He is shocked, after the fact, with how quickly Jadine, Sydney, and Ondine turned on Son. Son interrupts Valerian’s thoughts when he comes into the greenhouse. He tells Valerian that his name is Willie Green, and after Valerian says he won’t turn him in, Son assures him he meant to be in Jadine’s room, not Margaret’s. Son tells Valerian how to help his plants grow better and tells a sexual joke, causing the laughter Jadine witnesses.
Son goes with Gideon and Thérèse to Queen of France for a haircut because Sydney refuses to give him one. Thérèse boasts to everyone about their American guest, and they bring him to their home, where Gideon cuts his hair. Gideon explains that Thérèse is the only “Mary” and that every time Ondine asks Gideon to dismiss her, he just brings her back and tells Ondine she is a different person. Everyone at L’Arbe de la Croix believes him. Thérèse asks strange questions about America, and Gideon says not to listen, as she is one of the blind race. Gideon tells the legend of how a French ship carrying enslaved people, who went blind when they saw Dominique, foundered, and the people washed up on Isle des Chevaliers along with the horses from the ship. It is said that les chevaliers still ride blindly across the island. Thérèse expresses her hatred for Ondine and explains that she tried to help Son with food while he was hiding. Gideon tells Son that he could find work on the island but realizes that he has his sights set on Jadine. He warns Son about her position as the protégé of the Streets and calls her almost white.
Son returns to the house looking clean and sharp. He tries to apologize to Jadine, but she dismisses his apology, and he tries and fails to play the piano for her. She makes him apologize to Sydney and Ondine for the stress he caused them. Jadine feels attracted to Son but also books a flight as a means of escape after the holidays, hoping her life will return to normal. Son goes to Ondine and Sydney’s apartment to apologize and sees how different their living quarters are from the rest of the house. He tells Ondine that everyone in his life, including his wife, is dead and that he fled his home after a car wreck. Sydney refuses Son’s apology and rages about how Valerian plays with everyone’s emotions for his own amusement. He tells Son he will not wait on nor serve him. Son tells them that he just needs a day for Valerian to secure him papers to leave, and he asks in the meantime to eat with Sydney and Ondine and asks for a new place to sleep. Sydney agrees to this, and Son leaves, convinced that Sydney believes he is acting to obtain Valerian’s generosity rather than Jadine’s attention.
With tensions eased, a sense of camaraderie and holiday spirit rises. Son sleeps on the porch and thinks of his loner status in the world and his desire to be defined by no one. The next day, Son invites Jadine to lunch, and they picnic on the beach. She asks Son what he wants from life, and he tells her of the thrill he felt earning his first dime. She calls him lazy, caricaturizing him and saying he’s stupid for believing he is above money. He explains that he is from Eloe, an all-Black town in Florida and that he was last there eight years ago. Despite sharing personal details of his life, he still refuses to tell her his name. Son tells her that he left Eloe because he killed someone and feels shame for not looking into her eyes as she died. He explains that his wife was sleeping with a 13-year-old boy and that when he found them, he drove his car into the house to wreck it. However, the car exploded, and the bed caught fire. The boy survived the fire, but Son’s wife died from her burns.
Jadine is appalled and tucks her feet under herself, scared of him. She tells him he needs help, but he responds saying he loves her and wants her feet back. She brings her feet back out and is startled when he touches the arch of one of them, though he stops when she asks. On the ride back to L’Arbe de la Croix, she thinks of reasons not to sleep with him. They run out of gas, and as he walks to get more, she wanders into the forest to escape the sun. She steps into a swamp and sinks into the muck, only able to slowly pull herself out using the trunk of a tree. She is covered in tar by the time Son gets back, and when they return to the house, Margaret, who believes Son hid in her closet to rape her, asserts that he is bad luck. Jadine struggles not to tell Margaret that Son wants her, not Margaret.
Expectations of others drive characters forward in Tar Baby, with family expectations being one of the most significant motivators. Just as Valerian and Margaret have expectations for their son and his role in their lives, so too do Ondine, Sydney, and Jadine have expectations for each other. Jadine believes that her aunt and uncle want her to take care of them as they age, changing her lifestyle to better suit their needs. She begins to see more and more how this impacts her life while she stays at L’Arbe de la Croix:
More and more Sydney and Ondine looked to her for solutions to their problems. They had been her parents since she was twelve and now she was required to parent them—guide them, do the small chores that put them in touch with the outside world, soothe them, allay their fears (91).
Jadine believes that the older generation who raised her will need her more as time goes on and sees her role in their lives shifting from that of their child to that of their parent. These Familial Expectations Between Generations influence Jadine’s interactions with her aunt and uncle, as she feels the pressure to care for them clashes with her desire to focus on her own life and be independent. She does not easily accept this anticipated role or believe that it is a natural step in her life, but rather sees it as “required” of her. She believes that her aunt and uncle expect her to drop her life and be with them, and this begins to stoke resentment that is fully realized later on in the novel.
Jadine is close with her aunt Ondine, but she is also close with Margaret, spending much of her time at L’Arbe de la Croix with her patron. Margaret likes Jadine and finds pleasure in her company, despite her own troubled relationship with Ondine. Margaret’s issues with Ondine stem from the past, but her perception of Ondine in the present, as well as her perception of Jadine, is influenced by The Intersection of Social Class and Race. Margaret sees a stark difference between Ondine and Jadine, and she credits it to Jadine’s education:
Long ago when Jade used to come for holiday visits, Margaret found her awkward and pouty, but now that she was grown up, she was pretty and a lot of fun. All those colleges hadn’t made her uppity and she was not at all the Mother Superior Ondine had become (84).
Ondine clashes with Margaret, each having a distinct distaste for the other, but it is Ondine’s insistence that she is in charge of the kitchen and household, and that it is her efforts and work that keep everything running, that irks Margaret. Margaret views Ondine in a negative light largely because of Margaret’s expectations of what Black women who are servants should be like. Margaret’s relationship with Jadine is one that in her mind befits Jadine’s status as an educated fashion model, while she expects Ondine, a servant, to be obedient, thankful, and to never challenge her.
The Streets’ expectations of Jadine’s family influence their relationships and interactions with Ondine, Sydney, and their niece. Their preconceived notions prevent Margaret and Valerian from seeing Ondine, Sydney, and Jadine as the whole and complex people they are. The Streets are often shocked when Ondine, Sydney, and Jadine do not act as the Streets expect. Valerian finds himself confronting such limitations in the aftermath of the discovery of Son in the household, when he places himself in the shoes of his own son, Michael: “Disappointment nudging contempt for the outrage Jade and Sydney and Ondine exhibited in defending property and personnel that did not belong to them from a black man who was one of their own” (145). In this moment, Valerian takes an essentialist view of the people in his house, believing that because they are all Black people, they will defend other Black people over himself and Margaret. Valerian ignores The Intersection of Social Class and Race and is unable to see the unique motivations behind each person’s behavior.
Sydney and Ondine see L’Arbe de la Croix as their home and Son’s trespassing as a violation to their space. Additionally, they are unhappy with the fact that Valerian’s treatment elevates Son to the status of a guest, meaning that they must serve and clean up after him, despite him trespassing in their home and stealing household supplies. Jadine, made uncomfortable by Son’s presence initially, also sees his actions as a violation of her space and comfort, and does not understand Valerian’s treatment of Son when it clearly makes Margaret uncomfortable. Each of these characters have their own unique reasons for being opposed to Son, and Valerian’s shock at their actions points to his inability to see them as fully realized people who can function outside of the limitations created by his perceptions of social class and race.
By Toni Morrison
African American Literature
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American Literature
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Class
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Class
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Colonialism & Postcolonialism
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Family
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Loyalty & Betrayal
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Marriage
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Nobel Laureates in Literature
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Valentine's Day Reads: The Theme of Love
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