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53 pages 1 hour read

Lawrence Hill

Someone Knows My Name

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2007

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Part 2, Chapters 8-10Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 2

Part 2, Chapter 8 Summary: “Milk for the longest nursing”

After Appleby’s attack, Georgia gives Aminata an herbal birth control. When Aminata worries about Chekura, Georgia tells her that men don’t need to know everything. After the attack, Aminata never leaves Georgia’s side. Two years pass on the plantation, and Aminata searches for ways to return to Africa. She enjoys reading as an escape. To no avail, she searches Mamed’s books for an answer on how to return to Africa. Aminata becomes pregnant with Chekura’s child and is thrilled, “bursting with pride and purpose” that this baby “had come not from a buckra but from a man of my choosing: an African who knew where I came from and spoke my language” (165). Georgia tells Aminata to nurse until her milk runs dry so Appleby doesn’t take her baby, reminding her that Appleby owns her and everything she makes.

One afternoon while Aminata is stirring indigo, Appleby arrives with two buckra guests: Solomon Lindo, the Jewish indigo inspector of South Carolina, and William King, who runs the slave trade in Charles Town. Lindo asks Aminata about the beating process and is impressed with her intelligence. In the house Appleby shows off Aminata’s skills to the men, bragging that he could sell her for a profit. When Appleby takes King for a tour of the house, Lindo shares that he is a Jew. He finds out that Aminata can read but promises not to tell, saying that he could use a girl like her. When the others return, King shows off his knowledge of the kinds African slaves and how well they work. Appleby then leaves the house with Lindo to discuss indigo, and Aminata is left alone with King. King is amused by her sharpness and attempts to rape her. Thankfully, Appleby and Lindo return. A month later Georgia tells Aminata that Lindo offered to buy her, but Appleby refused.

In August Aminata and Chekura decide to secretly marry. The guests bring gifts and sing, dance, and play music. Chekura gives gifts to Georgia and Aminata, and spends the night. When Appleby returns in December, he publicly shames the heavily pregnant Aminata by shaving her head and taking the clothes Chekura gave her. Appleby is shocked when she talks back and warns her that he owns her and her baby. When he is born, Aminata names her baby after her father. When Mamadu is 10 months old, Appleby snatches him away and sells him in the night. Afterward, Chekura doesn’t visit, and Aminata falls into such a deep depression that she refuses to work even when Appleby beats her. Appleby then sells her to Solomon Lindo.

Part 2, Chapter 9 Summary: “The shape of Africa”

Aminata arrives in Charles Town with Solomon Lindo in the year 1762. She smells the rotten stench of slave ships and immediately recognizes this as the place her slave ship docked five years prior. Negroes walk freely as fruiters and hucksters; Lindo tells her that though they are slaves, they are allowed to keep some earnings. He expresses that he prefers to call his Negroes servants. When she sees a slave auction, she realizes that she can help neither them nor herself.

Mrs. Lindo is a kind woman who treats Aminata as a guest when she arrives. Dolly—the Lindos’ pregnant slave—becomes another mother figure to Aminata. Dolly cooks and cleans for the Lindos, spending the rest of her time as she pleases. For her first few weeks Aminata aids Dolly in her errands. Charles Town is full of self-hire Negroes, and Aminata is baffled when she sees a group of Negro boys for hire as party entertainment with William King, who doesn’t recognize her. One Saturday at a fair, Aminata walks about freely “like the very Negroes she watched with confusion after coming off the slave ship” (197). While in town, she learns that she has to be careful, as many men stare and try to grab her.

Aminata becomes accustomed to the comforts of the Lindo home, sleeping and eating better since leaving Bayo. Lindo teaches her arithmetic so she can keep his accounts. He also allows her to become a self-hire midwife on the condition she pays him 10 shillings a week. He places an ad in the South Carolina Gazette, and Aminata is uncomfortable with the language. She asks if Mrs. Lindo is a wench and says she is not from Guinea. Lindo shares that he helps Aminata because his faith considers it a good thing to help another person become independent. She wonders why he doesn’t free her. When she learns about forms of payment, coins confuse her—she doesn’t understand why someone would want to be paid with a useless metal coin. Mrs. Lindo helps her perfect her writing, after which she begins composing Lindo’s business letters. Because of her success as a midwife, she is trusted to deliver the sons of both Dolly and the Lindos. In return, Mrs. Lindo offers Aminata a gift, and she requests to see a map of the world. Lindo takes her to the library, and she is disappointed with the maps of Africa, which lack detail. Though she sees the shape of Africa, there are no village names. Disillusioned, she feels the buckra do not know her or her land at all. She hopes to one day understand the white man’s world enough to leave it.

Part 2, Chapter 10 Summary: “Words come late from a wet-nurse”

During her years a self-hire midwife, Aminata experiences the loss of many loved ones. Georgia passes away in her sleep, and a night patroller kills Fomba. In the fall of 1774, after 13 years with the Lindos, a smallpox epidemic takes the lives of Mrs. Lindo, Dolly, and their sons. Aminata and Lindo barely speak in their grief. Aminata mourns that unlike herself, Lindo has friends. She especially misses Dolly and her son, as she spent years close to them. Dolly cared for her like a mother, and Aminata taught Dolly’s son to read. Her grief at Mrs. Lindo’s death surprises her most—she never imagined she could mourn the death of a white person. She trusted and loved Mrs. Lindo, who never abused Aminata and gave her a book every month.

Now in hard times, Charles Town sees a shortage of coins and a ban against paper currency; diseases like smallpox keep people in constant fear. Lindo and other locals blame their problems on the British. In January 1775 Lindo travels to New York City hoping to convince the British to protect bounty on poorly selling Carolina indigo. When Lindo leaves, Leah—his severe sister who dislikes Aminata—moves into the house. She refuses to allow Aminata inside, telling her that she is on self-hire and can fend for herself. Aminata struggles to feed herself and finds she was right about the uselessness of coins—chickens are now more reliable than silver. The nights are lonely, so she rereads her books and thinks of the people she has loved.

One night Aminata hears someone calling her African name; she is overjoyed to find it is Chekura. They cherish every moment of their night together. Though she is upset that he can visit only once or twice, they make love. Chekura asks Aminata to run away with him, but she refuses. He reveals that Mamadu died of smallpox in 1762, and that Lindo was the one who arranged his sale. Chekura offers to kill Lindo, but Aminata wants him to stay alive. When Lindo returns a month later, he demands she pay him, complains about the possible collapse of the Carolina indigo economy, and slaps her when she refuses to cook. Aminata confronts him about selling her son, and he is ashamed. They settle into an uneasy truce and keep out of each other’s way until one day Lindo tells Aminata that she will travel with him to New York City. For Lindo, this is an attempt to repair the damage between them. For Aminata, it is her exodus.

Part 2, Chapters 8-10 Analysis

In Chapters 8-10 Aminata faces a series of changes that cause her identity to shift. Though she still searches for a way back to her homeland—for instance, she requests to see maps of the world—she adapts to her environment and learns new roles. As soon as she is married to her love and has a child, both are snatched away. Aminata falls into a depression wherein she loses her strength and motivation to live—until now, she has worked hard and faced every situation with confidence. Having a child of her own with a man from her homeland made her feel so deeply connected to her past identity that she nearly loses her sense of self along with them.

These chapters build upon various features of the setting that help explore the historical context in which the characters interact and develop. Aminata and Chekura must marry in secret, and her gifts are luxuries that so anger Appleby that he humiliates her in everyone’s presence. Appleby reiterates the extent to which he owns Aminata—as Georgia had warned—in taking her dignity, her hair, her clothing, and even her child. Negroes are denied any say in their own lives; they can be bought, sold, and treated as their owners please. She realizes how little autonomy Negroes have over their lives at the slave auction: “That, I decided, was what it meant to be a slave: your past didn’t matter; in the present you were invisible and you had no claim on the future” (188). Even the wording of the advertisement Solomon Lindo places in the newspaper is degrading, as he calls Aminata a Guinea wench, not a lady like Mrs. Lindo. The theme of the power of language is evident here, as word choice defines a person’s social status. Lindo is kinder than most slaveowners—he teaches Aminata to read and write, allows her to work as a self-hire midwife, and doesn’t abuse her. However, this doesn’t change the fact that she is still his slave. She must pay him a large portion of her earnings as a self-hire midwife, he arranged her son’s sale, and his attitude toward her changes when Charles Town falls into hard times. Aminata feels the irony of his kindness when Lindo states he is helping her learn and grow because of his faith yet doesn’t set her free.

After seeing maps of Africa, Aminata understands just how little white people know and understand her people. One map includes the picture of an African child under a tree, and Aminata notes that “this ‘Mapp of Africa’ was not my homeland. It was a white man’s fantasy” (211). The fantasy of the savage African justifies slave labor and disregards African civilization. The fact that white people only know the shape of Africa and understand nothing of what lies within symbolizes how white people value Africans for their labor but lack any understanding of the depth of the African identity. That white men don’t bother to learn the African world enough to engage with it respectfully and humanely contrasts with Aminata’s hope to understand the white man’s world enough to escape it.

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