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86 pages 2 hours read

Carl Hiaasen

Scat

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 2009

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Chapters 1-3Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 1 Summary

The novel begins in Mrs. Starch’s biology class. Nick Waters, his best friend Marta Gonzalez, and the rest of the students habitually cower in fear of Mrs. Starch, who is strict, demanding, and extremely mean: one time, when Marta vomited out of anxiety, Mrs. Starch made her write an extra essay on the physiology of regurgitation.

Mrs. Starch calls on Duane Scrod Jr., the class misfit, who goes by “Smoke.” Duane is not a bright student and is a bit of an outcast at the school; some say his nickname comes from being a pyromaniac. When Duane Jr. doesn’t know the answer to Mrs. Starch’s question about the Calvin cycle—the process by which plants consume carbon dioxide—she ridicules him in front of the entire class, harping on his acne. Addressing the class, she asks, “Come on, people, what do you say? Wouldn’t it be amusing for Duane to write a humorous essay on pimples and then read it aloud to the wholeclass?” (8).

Nick longs to defend Duane Jr. from this treatment, but he fears turning the wrath of Mrs. Starch upon himself; he timidly suggests that an acne paper wouldn’t help him learn about the Calvin cycle. Mrs. Starch is undeterred and continues to taunt Duane Jr., waving her No. 2 pencil in his face, until Duane Jr. surprises everyone by suddenly chomping at the pencil with his mouth, taking a bite, chewing, and swallowing it, before walking out the door while the entire class is in shock. 

Chapter 2 Summary

On the way home from school, Nick and Marta discuss Mrs. Starch and their upcoming field trip to the Black Vine Swamp, which is part of the Big Cypress Preserve. This subtropical wetland ecosystem—part of the federally protected Everglades National Park—is unique in the United States and home to many rare and endangered species. ’

Nick’s mother works for the Department of Corrections and his father, Greg, is serving in Iraq with the Army National Guard. Nick emails his father every day and is worried because he hasn’t heard back from his dad in a few days, which is unusual. When Nick discusses the pencil-eating incident with his mom at dinner, she reveals that Duane Jr. comes from a broken home, and his father, Duane Sr., served time for arson after he burned down the Chevrolet dealership that sold him a faulty transmission. Nick feels sympathy for Duane Jr.:“No wonder the kid turned out the way he did […] his old man’s a whack job” (14). 

Back at school, Mrs. Starch tells the headmaster, Dr. Dressler, about the incident with Duane Jr. and the pencil. Though Mrs. Starch frames the incident as an extraordinary act of insubordination, Dr. Dressler is more concerned about whether ingesting a pencil on school property might lead to medical issues and eventual lawsuits against the school, which he is determined to avoid—especially because Duane Jr.’s grandmother is a large donor to the school. Dr. Dressler heads out to the Scrod residence, where he is greeted by Duane Sr. and Nadine, an aggressive blue-and-gold macaw who speaks three languages. Duane Sr. is a paranoid, somewhat pathetic husk of a man who has never recovered from his wife’s departure several years earlier; he admits that he has no control over Duane Jr. and no idea where his son may be. 

Chapter 3 Summary

The students gather in the parking lot to board the buses for their field trip to the Everglades. Duane Jr. seems to be missing. The teachers instruct the kids in safety and emergency protocols for traveling in a dangerous swamp. Nick shows Marta his video camera, admitting that he longs to see a critically endangered Florida panther on their trip. At the swamp, the students get a taste of the beautiful, yet threatening wildlife that flourishes in the Everglades, right on the border of modern civilization: trees, birds, insects, and even snakes bring the students face-to-face with what nature, undisturbed by human hands, really looks like. 

Suddenly, at lunch, the students hear a gunshot and an otherworldly scream through the trees. Nick instinctively raises his video camera toward the sound, capturing a “large, tannish blur” in the viewfinder (33). He is convinced this is the elusive Florida panther. Just after the scream, they smell smoke, and the teachers immediately cut the field trip short and evacuate the students from the coming wildfire. In the scramble back to the buses, Libby, one of Nick’s classmates, drops her asthma inhaler. Mrs. Starch volunteers to get it; she will drive back to meet them at school once she has retrieved it. The buses leave while Mrs. Starch is heading back into the advancing wildfire. 

Chapters 1-3 Analysis

A clear conflict is established in the first chapter between Duane Jr. and Mrs. Starch: she publicly humiliates him, and he responds by eating her pencil and storming out of class. Carefully placed hints in the following two chapters—about Duane Jr.’s pyromaniac past and his notable absence from the field trip—sustain this sense of conflict, leading to the expectation of a fiery confrontation between Duane Jr. and Mrs. Starch. 

Of course, Hiaasen is working within the mystery genre, and these hints will later prove to be classic “red herrings”: clues that point away from the true conflicts and forces driving the plot. But despite these misleading plot elements, the first three chapters are direct and set up the primary struggles that the protagonist, Nick, will face on: the apparent uselessness of academic knowledge, the difficulty of parental loss and abandonment, and the dangerous “otherness” of the wild. It is not until the appearance of the baby panther that Nick’s biological knowledge, familial instincts, and wilderness skills will be united under a common goal. 

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