49 pages • 1 hour read
Neela Vaswani, Silas HouseA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Meena Joshi writes her first letter to River Dean Justice, her new pen pal in Kentucky. She lives in Chinatown, NY, but she grew up in a mountain town in India called Mussoorie. Meena has a 17-year-old brother named Karan, nicknamed Kiku. She is 12 years old, loves to read, and describes herself as “short and skinny” (3), although she wants to be pretty like Kiku’s secret girlfriend, Ana Maria. Meena’s parents and brother came to America when Meena was three years old, but she was left behind with her grandmother, who she calls Dadi. She came to join her family in New York three years ago, when she was nine, but she had to leave Dadi in India. When Meena arrived at the airport, she didn’t even know what her parents looked like because they had been apart for so long.
Meena’s parents are beginning the difficult and time-consuming process to become American citizens. Mum works as a nanny, and Daddy works at a catering hall in New Jersey. Since he works so far away, he only comes home one weekend per month, and his absence is difficult for Meena, her mum, and Kiku. Meena works for her neighbor Mrs. Lau, who emigrated from Hong Kong 55 years ago. Meena does Mrs. Lau’s laundry and walks her dog, Cuba.
River lives in Black Banks, Kentucky with his mother and grandmother, who he calls Mawmaw. Similar to Meena, his father also works out of town, helping to rebuild in Biloxi, Mississippi after Hurricane Katrina. His mother has headaches and spends most of her time in bed, so River spends the majority of his free time with Mawmaw, going on walks, fishing, and collecting objects they find in nature. River feels like he’s weird because he prefers books and writing over video games and spending time on the Internet, like his friends. He feels like he can be honest about his “true self” (16) with Meena without embarrassment. River loves to play basketball and is on his school team. He also enjoys reading, just like Meena, and is surprised to hear that she does her family’s laundry, since he doesn’t enjoy doing housework.
Meena tells River she was raised to do what’s best for her family, so doing work, like the laundry, feels normal for her. Over the summer, Meena has been attending an Arts and Humanities Summer Program and has taken several field trips. Some of the field trips taught her about New York’s history of immigrants, such as the trip to Ellis Island and the Tenement Museum. She saw a crate of okra on her recent fieldtrip to the market labeled “Kentucky,” and it reminded her of home in India. She misses the way her Dadi prepared okra in India, what’s called bhindi in Hindi. When she saw that River was from Kentucky on the pen pal list, it made her want to write to him. Meena loves to write, and she wants to be a poet when she grows up.
River has red hair and freckles due to his Scottish and Irish ancestors, is 12 years old, has a dog named Rufus, and wishes he could be taller. He uses the Internet to look up the mountains where Meena lived in India, and is surprised to find that they look similar to the mountains where he lives in Kentucky. Only one Indian family lives in River’s community: Dr. and Mrs. Patel. River is curious about the red dot Mrs. Patel wears on her forehead, and he asks Meena about it. In interactions with Dr. and Mrs. Patel, Mawmaw has taught River to be respectful to people of other races, but his father used to make fun of people who were different, which always bothered River.
Since Meena likes poetry and River has a poem writing assignment for school, he writes a poem about a fond memory from childhood before his mother became sick and his father had to work far away. He misses being together as a family. He also explains that Mawmaw grows okra and has a special way of preparing it. River loves it, especially with her fried green tomatoes.
Meena shares a few poems with River that she read printed above the seats on the subway. She also writes a few of her own poems based on words she’s heard others say, and she notes how anything can be turned into a poem. Meena agrees that she wants to be her true self and share her secrets with River, too. She tells him about an experience when her brown skin color led to misjudgment from others. At the library, a man called she and Kiku terrorists, and Kiku called the man a bad word in response. The security guard made she and Kiku leave, and now she’s embarrassed to walk by the library security guard. She does not want people to have the wrong idea about her. In a conversation with Mrs. Lau, they discuss stereotypes, and how they are not always true. Mrs. Lau says, “There’s good and bad people everywhere” (39).
A big storm comes, reminding Meena of nature’s power, which is easy for her to forget in New York. Meena, Kiku, and their mum all sit watching the storm together, but she misses her Daddy and Dadi. Meena keeps her watch set to India time so she knows what time it is for Dadi and explains how her sadness at missing her family can overtake her: “Sometimes I get so sad that I have to stop in the middle of the sidewalk and stand still” (45).
Meena’s mum almost finds out about Kiku’s secret girlfriend. He keeps her a secret because Mum wants Kiku to marry an Indian girl.
Meena tells River more about her culture. She explains that the red dot he asked about is called a bindi, and it represents wisdom. She tells River about her favorite meal from India that she used to eat with Dadi and wonders if it would still be her favorite without Dadi, since, “part of what made it taste good was being with her” (49). Meena also talks about religion. She is Hindu, and she feels like River is not a stereotypical Christian because he does not try to convince Meena to become one. Finally, she tells River his cultural insensitivity about Dr. Patel’s accent and appearance is rude. She reminds him that he didn’t like it when his father made fun of people who are different from him. Meena has an accent, and doesn’t like it when people make fun of the way she talks. She ends her letter with her Dadi’s special okra recipe.
Meena and River have several similarities that quickly create a close friendship between them. They both have a grandmother who is important to them, love mountains and nature, love to read, have fathers who work out of town, and have a dog. They agree to be honest about their true selves with one another, and they share things about themselves they might otherwise be embarrassed to share. Even their names, “River,” and “Meena,” which means “fish,” show that they mesh well.
However, in addition to their similarities, Meena and River also have several differences. For example, Meena works hard to help her family by taking care of their laundry along with Mrs. Lau’s, washing the dishes, and cleaning up after Kiku. She even tells River how she used to carry a bundle of firewood on her back in India. Meena’s uncomplaining acceptance of hard work surprises River, but Meena was raised to do what is best for her family, which reflects the Indian cultural value of finding one’s identity as part of a group. Meena and River also differ in their religious beliefs. While River believes in the Bible and was raised going to a Christian church, Meena is Hindu and has a special space in her apartment called an aarthi/puja space. Despite their religious differences, neither River nor Meena try to convert the other to their respective religions, but instead, they use their differences as a learning opportunity.
Authors Vaswani and House also highlight racial and cultural details to show how differences between Meena and River can serve as learning opportunities. River and Meena both know what it’s like to be incorrectly stereotyped. A man at the library calls Meena and Kiku “terrorists” (37), and River’s teacher says that some people in other parts of America view Kentuckians as stupid. Their mentions of stereotypes show that assumptions are not always true, and in the words of Mrs. Lau, “There’s good and bad people everywhere” (39). While people of many races and cultures surround Meena in New York, River lives in a primarily white community. Dr. Patel and his wife, Chandra, are the only Indian people River has ever met, and River is still learning how to be culturally sensitive. Meena scolds him for saying that Dr. Patel talks oddly and agrees with Mawmaw that he shouldn’t stare at Chandra’s bindi. River remembers his father making fun of people from other cultures and races, and although he knows his father is wrong for doing so, he still needs to learn how to be respectful of others who are different from him.
River and Meena also discuss cultural differences in terms of food. Both of their cultures eat okra, but they prepare it in different ways. Finally, Meena reveals her family’s culture and ideas about marriage. Kiku keeps his girlfriend a secret because Meena’s mum wants Kiku to marry an Indian girl. She also intends to choose Meena’s husband, but Meena plans to have her own secret boyfriend someday. Meena and River’s discussions of cultural differences act as learning opportunities for the characters as well as for the reader in understanding the way people from other cultures view the world.
Vaswani and House establish the motif of nature as Meena tells River about her hometown Mussoorie, and River talks about his mountain town in Kentucky. Both of them have a deep love and appreciation for nature. River collects natural objects with Mawmaw, and they go fishing and walking together on the mountain where they live. Meena misses the tall mountains of Mussoorie, and although she compares the buildings in New York to mountains, she notes that they aren’t the same because the buildings are not alive like real mountains. When a storm comes to New York, Meena enjoys being reminded of nature’s power, since she can easily forget it in the city. Meena and River’s appreciation for nature continues throughout the book and fuels major plot elements, such as Meena’s struggle missing her home in India and River’s fight to save Town Mountain.
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