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35 pages 1 hour read

P.L. Travers

Mary Poppins

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 1934

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Chapters 4-6Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 4 Summary: “Miss Lark’s Andrew”

Miss Lark lives next door to the Banks with her dog, Andrew. Andrew is “one of those small, silky, fluffy dogs that look like a fur necklet, until they begin to bark” (39), and he lives a privileged life as Miss Lark’s companion. Andrew wears leather boots, he enjoys cream and oysters, and his “ordinary days were filled with the kinds of things most people have only on birthdays” (39). One day, Michael makes a critical remark about Andrew, but Mary Poppins comes to his defense; after all, though Andrew is respectful towards Miss Lark, he resents his pampered life. Andrew’s best dog friend lives a rather different life. This dog’s behavior is generally abominable, but Andrew remains devoted to his friend. Jane and Michael are surprised one day to see Andrew running down the Lane on the sidewalk by himself, and they mock Miss Lark while shouting after him; they are even more surprised when Andrew barks at Mary Poppins, and she responds to him in clear English. Mary Poppins refuses to tell Jane and Michael anything about the conversation, though they beg her, and she mocks Michael for being “Mr. Know-All” (43). Michael and Jane argue and complain, but “as it turned out, he and Jane and everybody else knew all about it before tea time” (43).

Miss Lark shouts for Andrew, and Michael tells her that he sees Andrew on the lane, pointing at Andrew walking with “a huge dog that seemed to be half an Airedale and half a Retriever, and the worst half of both” (44). As Andrew approaches Miss Lark and the others who gathered on the sidewalk when they heard her shouting for Andrew, Miss Lark scolds Andrew’s friend and tells him to “‘Shoo! Shoo! Go home!’” (45). Andrew barks in response to her command that he come inside the house, and Mary Poppins translates: The dog won’t come in unless his friend can come in too. Andrew continues to bark his conditions while Mary Poppins continues to translate, finally explaining to Miss Lark that Andrew’s friend’s name is Willoughby. Miss Lark despairs but accepts her plight and enters her home, followed by the two dogs. Jane and Michael marvel at Mary Poppins’s prior knowledge about Andrew, knowing that “she’ll never, never tell us” (48) how she knew.

Chapter 5 Summary: “The Dancing Cow”

Jane is in bed with an earache, so Michael spends the afternoon telling her what is happening outside the nursery window to keep her entertained. Suddenly, Michael announces that there is a cow on the lane. Mary Poppins is just as surprised as the children to see the cow, who apparently was a great friend of Mary’s mother. Jane and Michael ask Mary Poppins gentle questions about the cow, trying their best to be polite. Mary Poppins tells them a story about her mother and the cow, “as though she were remembering events that happened hundreds of years before that time” (51).

According to Mary Poppins, the respectable Red Cow lived in the best field in the district. The Red Cow had a daughter called the Red Calf, and when she grew up, another calf came along. The Red Cow was happy with her life, and just as she was thinking that she would be so pleased if her life was always like this, ‘adventure […] was stalking her” (53). One night, unexpectedly, the Red Cow stood up and began to dance, a behavior she previously thought was improper. Even when the Red Cow became tired, she could not stop dancing, so she decided that she must go see the king to talk to him about her problem.

When the Red Cow eventually arrives to the king’s palace, her dancing annoys him, and he commands her to stop. Though she tries, she cannot. She explains to the king that she has been dancing for seven days and she needs his advice as to what to do about it. The Red Cow explains that she feels as if “laughter were running up and down” inside her (56), and the king suddenly notices that there is a fallen star on her horn. He blames his courtiers for not noticing the star sooner, and they attempt to remove it. They are unsuccessful, however, so the king asks his secretary to research the situation in the encyclopedia. The secretary reports back and mentions a cow jumping over the moon, so the king suggests that the Red Cow try to jump over the moon in order to stop her dancing. The Red Cow resists this idea because she “has been taught from my infancy that jumping was no occupation for a lady” (58), but eventually she gives in. The king blows a whistle, she jumps over the moon, and she lands back in her dandelion field.

The Red Cow is happy to be home and following her daily routine, but she soon begins to feel dissatisfied because she misses the dancing that had previously plagued her. At this point, she goes to Mary Poppins’s mother for advice. She says that the Red Cow must go look for another field where another star might fall out of the sky.

Jane and Michael suggest to Mary Poppins that the cow on the Lane must be looking for a star, which startles Mary Poppins. As Mary Poppins goes to turn on the lights, Jane and Michael look out the window, but the cow is no longer there.

Chapter 6 Summary: “Bad Tuesday”

One Tuesday morning, Michael wakes up with a powerful feeling that “he was going to be naughty” (63). He defies Mary Poppins’s instructions, dresses himself in Sunday clothes, speaks rudely, and behaves poorly to other members of the household. When Michael goes outside, he sees Miss Lark’s Andrew; Michael coaxes Andrew over with a dog biscuit in order to tie the dog to the fence by his tail. Michael then goes inside to his father’s study and covers himself in blue ink, which inspires his mother to send him to stand in the corner of the nursery. When all three of his siblings try to engage with him, Michael is rude to them, “enjoying his badness, hugging it to him as though it were a friend” (67).

Mary Poppins takes Jane and Michael and the twins out for a walk to the park, and during the walk, Michael gets into an argument with Mary Poppins over her suggestion that he “got out of bed the wrong side this morning” (67). Mary Poppins asks Michael to pick up a shiny object on the path, and the object turns out to be a compass. When Mary Poppins says “North!” they are all suddenly surrounded in cold and ice, and a polar bear appears to give Mary Poppins a hug. The polar bear gives them a gift of a herring before they travel on to “a leafy jungle from which came a noisy sound of squawking” (71). A macaw greets Mary Poppins and the children, asks her to baby-sit his two eggs while he gets some rest, and offers them bananas. He laments that Mary Poppins isn’t available to stay and take care of his nestlings.

Again, they spin and land “in a grassy clearing surrounded by bamboo trees” (72), where they rouse a panda bear from his nap. The panda bear asks Jane and Michael to help him get back to sleep by “tickl[ing] me gently behind the ears” (73), and then they travel on to a shore. Here, they meet a dolphin named Amelia and her son, Froggie. Mary Poppins throws the herring into the sea for the dolphins to chase, and as Michael is cheering for Froggie, he suddenly finds himself again in the park with Jane, the twins, and Mary Poppins.

Mary Poppins puts the compass into her pocket, ignoring Michael’s claim that the compass belongs to him. Soon, Michael’s behavior gets even worse. As he gets ready for bed, he sees the compass, so he takes it and commands “North, South, East, West!” (78), and he is horrified to see “four gigantic figures bearing down upon him” (78) with anger. Suddenly, he finds himself in something soft, and the figures disappear. Mary Poppins reminds Michael not to touch her things, bringing him a cup of warm milk to drink. He drinks slowly, thinking that he is warm, happy, and lucky to be alive.

Chapters 4-6 Analysis

Travers to comment on the theme of social class. Miss Lark’s excessively sentimental behavior towards her pedigree dog, Andrew, makes a mockery of the unnecessary displays of wealth that typify certain stereotypes of wealthy people. Though Miss Lark’s love for Andrew appears authentic, her relationship with Andrew also gives her a vehicle with which she can show off her lavish lifestyle. That Miss Lark lives alone and dotes on Andrew as if he were her child gives the impression that she might be lonely and isolated despite her trappings of affluence. The combined effect of Miss Lark’s ridiculous extravagance and her maudlin attachment to her pet provides both pathos and humor. Ironically, the mongrel dog Willoughby’s name is aristocratic, a detail that irritates Miss Lark even more and emphasizes Travers’s message that trappings of extravagance mean nothing, particularly to Andrew, who only wants to be “a common dog” (40). When Miss Lark’s pretentious airs and discriminatory attitudes towards her dog’s friend are chastised by way of Andrew’s clever negotiating skills, justice triumphs over haughtiness.

Travers highlights the magical nature of Mary Poppins with the story of how Mary Poppins’s mother also had an extraordinary way with animals. The dancing cow chooses to seek advice from Mary Poppins’s mother, suggesting that she possesses uncanny wisdom that can provide support to humans and animals alike. In the chapter about the dancing cow, the cow also displays a tendency to worry about her reputation as a dignified and polite cow, suggesting that humans of a certain class or earning ability are no different than animals: A cow can share concerns with a class-conscious woman.

Travers’s highly detailed descriptions of Michael’s bad day have a matter-of-fact tone, and this tone has the double effect of confirming that it is normal for children (and even adults) to experience days like Michael’s bad Tuesday. Michael is indeed a typical young boy complete with potential for bad moods, mildly naughty behavior, and a rapid change of attitude once the mood passes. Travers explores Michael’s bad mood in such close detail, explaining the nuances of a situation that many adults dismiss; Mary Poppins, on the other hand, understands Michael and distracts him with the compass. This show of understanding supports the argument that Mary Poppins is a kinder-hearted nanny than her brusque manners indicate.

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