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63 pages 2 hours read

Jodi Picoult, Jennifer Finney Boylan

Mad Honey

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2022

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Chapter 17-EpilogueChapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 17 Summary: “Olivia 9”

Jordan is furious with Olivia for ruining his defense and insinuating that Asher might have been violent. Asher demands to be put on the stand despite Jordan’s protests. On the stand, Asher lovingly describes Lily, confessing that she’s the first girl he ever loved. He explains what their last disagreement was about and how Lily stopped talking to him afterward. Jordan paints Lily as a liar who kept things from Asher, including the truth about her father; however, Asher unexpectedly reveals that Lily told him the truth about being trans but that he didn’t care and loved her anyway.

During Gina’s cross-examination, Asher claims he found out about Lily being trans a month before her death, after the first time they had sex. Gina tries to insinuate that Asher was angry about Lily having deceived him and killed her because of it. In a redirect, Jordan asks Asher what he did after processing the truth about Lily: “‘I told her it didn’t matter,’ Asher says. ‘I said I loved who she was […] not what she was’” (372). Judge Byers dismisses court after Asher’s testimony.

The remainder of the trial is postponed until the following week, as Judge Byers falls ill. Asher refuses to talk to Olivia, angry with her for not trusting him. With Jordan buried in preparations, Selena takes Olivia out drinking. The bartender brings Selena a free martini, pointing out a bruise in the shape of a thumbprint on her shoulder and expressing sympathy for Selena presumably being in an abusive relationship. Selena reassures a shocked Olivia that Jordan doesn’t hit her; after her surgery, she has been on estrogen, and one of the side-effects is that she bruises easily.

The women suddenly realize that Lily was on estrogen too as part of her hormone cocktail; the bruises likely had nothing to do with Asher. They rush home and ask Asher why Lily wasn’t in school before her death. Asher tells them that she had a fever and headache. Selena calls up a pathologist she knows to look over Lily’s autopsy. His findings differ from Dr. McBride’s, and he agrees to testify in court.

On Monday, Jordan calls Dr. Benjamin Oluwye to the stand. A Harvard professor with degrees from Stanford and Yale, he has work experience at UCLA. Dr. Oluwye disagrees with Dr. McBride’s report because the amount and pattern of bleeding in Lily’s brain indicates an underlying blood disorder. Dr. Oluwye hypothesizes that it’s thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), a condition in which red blood cells can explode and cause hemolytic anemia. Signs include easy bruising, and heart, kidney, or brain dysfunction. It can be either inherited or acquired; one possible cause is hormone and estrogen therapy. If accurately diagnosed, it’s curable; if left untreated, the patient can die.

Dr Oluwye’s examination of Lily’s autopsy found that her pancreas, liver, and brain showed evidence of TTP, though this evidence could easily have been missed were someone not specifically looking for it. Lily’s fever—and possible dizziness and loss of balance, causing her to topple down the stairs—fit the picture of TTP. Jordan puts this information together to absolve Asher, though Gina’s cross-examination suggests that someone with TTP could still have died because of being pushed down a flight of stairs.

In his closing argument, Jordan focuses on the aspect of reasonable doubt. Lily and Asher loved each other; despite Asher knowing the truth about Lily, he accepted her and even tried to help her reconcile with her estranged father. Jordan reminds the jury about Lily’s possible TTP and asserts that her death was an accident. Gina, in turn, focuses on the evidence of fights between Asher and Lily in the past, evident in their text messages and her bruises. Gina continues to assert that Asher was angry with Lily for having told him the truth only after they had sex, leading him to eventually kill her.

At home, Olivia takes ice cream up to Asher’s room and apologizes; the two reconcile, as she reassures him that she always has his back. In her arms, Asher cries about how he truly loved Lily, and Olivia believes him about everything.

Chapter 18 Summary: “Lily 9”

Three months before Lily’s death, she meets with a group of other musicians in the Adams High School gym for the first day of the Coös County Honors Orchestra rehearsal. Lily muses about how even instruments seem gendered in some ways: tubas, trombones, trumpets are all played by boys, flutes by girls; the deeper strings, like bass, are played by boys, violas by women; and so on. She finds it refreshing when someone breaks the norm—cellos are usually played by boys, but she chose the instrument when she was in the third grade. In the orchestra, the oboist is a female, which is unusual: a girl named Maya.

After practice, Dirk, who is narrating the piece played by the orchestra, comes on to Lily. Suddenly, Asher appears and steps in, pretending that Lily is his girlfriend, and Dirk backs off. As they leave the building, Maya greets Asher and introduces herself to Lily. After Asher leaves, Lily asks Maya if they’re together, but Maya blushes and says no. Maya invites Lily home to play music with her on the weekend, and Lily is thrilled to have found a new friend. When Ava asks about her day, Lily tells her everything that happened but keeps Asher a secret, savoring the memory of his arm around her waist as he pretended to be her boyfriend.

Chapter 19 Summary: “Olivia 10”

The jury takes three days to arrive at a verdict. At dawn on the third day, Mike visits Olivia at the farm to see how she’s doing, and they kiss. Later that morning, Olivia, Asher, Jordan, and Selena, along with Jordan and Selena’s son, Sam, head to the courtroom; the verdict is in, and Asher is found “not guilty.” Asher collapses in tears, as does Ava, at the other end of the courtroom. Jordan and his family head home.

Back home, Asher empties out the treehouse and boards it up, leaving the afghan that Lily and he used after they slept together inside. He replants daylilies at the base of the tree, and Olivia and he walk back to the house together.

Chapter 20 Summary: “Lily 10”

Four months before Lily’s death, Lily and Ava arrive at their new house in Adams. While unpacking, Lily finds an album of old photographs from when she was seven and still went by “Liam.” Ava apologizes for still keeping them; she just wants some old memories around and offers to throw them out, but Lily understands and encourages Ava to keep them.

Lily remembers being sent to Pacific Day school, a private school in Seattle, as a “compromise” between her parents, when she was 12. Ava had hoped that if she agreed to this, she could perhaps save her marriage. Lily begged not to go, but her father was unrelenting. At school, Lily was routinely bullied, beaten up, and treated cruelly by students and teachers alike. She had no friends, and her academics floundered. At that time, Ava was away from home for work most nights of the week, so Lily was often alone at home with her father.

One day, the headmaster called Lily’s father to pick her up. She had a black eye and a contusion on her cheek from being dragged across the playground asphalt. She’d been beaten by the other boys for wearing nail polish to school; however, Lily was the one being suspended. The headmaster told Lily’s father that she could rejoin “[w]hen he’s ready to be a man” (416).

On the way home, Lily declared that she wasn’t going back to that school; she’d be free. At home, Lily used Ava’s makeup to cover up her bruises and do up her face. She put on Ava’s bra and blouse and brushed out her long hair. When her father saw her dressed up like this, he hit her so hard that she flew across the room and cracked her head against the wall. When she regained consciousness, she found herself tied to a chair while her father buzzed off her hair and wiped off her makeup. Her father refused to let her go until she acknowledged that her name was Liam. When Lily spat in her father’s face instead, he threw the chair backward, with Lily still tied to it, and left the house. Ava arrived later to find Lily sobbing on the floor, still tied to the chair.

Now, Lily and Ava drive around the town of Adams and take in their new home. Lily remembers conversations she had with Ava on the drive east about what it means to be a woman. After a number of arguments, Ava finally expressed how, for her, being a woman simply meant not being a man—and that a woman “always has to be on guard, lest someone else decide that you’re going to be his victim” (420). Lily decides that she won’t be a victim. She knows that Ava is worried about her, but thinks she’ll be fine. She tells Ava not to worry about her: “I’m a survivor” (421).

Chapter 21 Summary: “Olivia 11”

After the trial, things don’t completely go back to normal. People still whisper about and avoid Asher, so he finishes his GED at home instead of returning to school. He spends a lot of his time sketching at the base of the treehouse, disconnected from his friends and old life.

Three weeks after that trial, Maya finally comes visiting. Sobbing, she hugs Asher, upset about everything he endured. She suggests that he wasn’t even supposed to be at Lily’s house, since she was breaking up with him. Startled, Olivia questions how Maya knows this, because Asher never got the breakup text, and it wasn’t mentioned during the trial.

Maya reveals that she went to visit Lily the day she died. Maya has been in love with Asher for a long time, and it upset her to see Asher so heartbroken over Lily. Maya decided that Lily wasn’t good for him and wanted Lily to end things with him. When she realized that Lily planned to reconcile with him instead, Maya grabbed Lily’s phone and typed out a breakup text, but before she could send it, Lily tried to grab the phone. The girls struggled for control of it, and in the process Maya knocked Lily out of the way, causing her to lose her balance and fall down the stairs. Frightened, Maya fled, not knowing that Asher would arrive shortly after.

Now distraught, Maya apologizes to Asher; she never wanted to hurt Lily, she just wanted Lily to stop hurting Asher. Olivia insists that they tell the police, while Maya begs Asher to keep her secret the way he kept Lily’s.

A few weeks after Maya’s confession, Asher helps Olivia with the first honey harvest of the year and expresses his wish to go to Plymouth State for college; they offer a BA in graphic design and a Division III hockey team. Mike arrives, letting them know that prosecution isn’t pressing charges against Maya. Olivia and Mike move to talk privately, and he winds his arm around her waist and kisses her. She asks Mike why charges aren’t being pressed, and he observes, “Some bad things that happen are just accidents” (429).

Epilogue Summary

Ten months after Lily’s death, Ava visits Olivia; Ava is leaving Adams and is on her way out of town. Asher is at Plymouth State, and Ava says that she’s glad Olivia didn’t lose her child: “‘I lost a son once, but that was okay, because I gained a daughter. But now […] I have nothing” (431). Olivia gives Ava a jar of honey before she leaves; although Ava says she’s always hated honey, she takes the jar. Honey will never go bad, and Olivia hopes that one day, when Ava has a sore throat or needs to sweeten her tea, she’ll find it useful: “It will keep, until she’s ready” (432).

Chapter 17-Epilogue Analysis

The final chapters unravel the mystery surrounding Lily’s death. Asher takes the stand, and in his testimony describes how he knew Lily was trans and loved her regardless. The narrative has already revealed this, and Asher’s testimony further suggests that he’s not guilty of her murder. Following this is Selena and Olivia’s revelation that Lily’s bruises relate to her hormone therapy. Dr. Oluwye, whose credentials establish him as a credible expert witness, confirms this for the court, presenting a diagnosis of TTP. A combination of these factors leads the jury to acquit Asher, though in her closing argument Gina rightly points out that evidence of violence in Asher and Lily’s relationship could still have led to her death.

Violence within a romantic relationship isn’t the only kind of abuse the novel addresses. Just as Olivia remembers Braden having physically hurt Asher, Lily recalls her father doing the same to her. Parental relationships continue to be an important aspect of the story. Asher and Lily’s relationships with their respective father are damaged beyond repair; while Asher is estranged from Braden because of Braden’s inability to change, Lily is estranged from her father because of his insistence that Lily, or “Liam,” must change.

Lily has always been a girl, as Ava asserts earlier in the book. Lily and Ava’s conversations about what it means to be a girl or a woman yield different definitions and expectations, one of which is the default experience of victimhood. Lily decides that she isn’t a victim but a survivor; the reality turns out to be the opposite and is replete with irony. Lily was a victim of assault not because she was a girl but because people refused to accept her as one; her trans identity made her a victim. However, Lily’s death is caused by Maya feeling threatened by Lily as a woman and wanting to be with Asher herself.

The final chapters resolve some conflicts happily, while others meet bittersweet endings. Dirk repeatedly coming on to Lily, which recurs as a suspicious pattern throughout the book, is revealed as just a red herring. Maya’s confession comes as a shock, but the prosecution decides not to press charges. A bereft Ava leaves the town of Adams. However, despite Asher’s initial heartbreak over Olivia’s lack of trust in him, they eventually reconcile. Olivia finds new love in Mike, and though Asher’s life in Adams can never go back to what it was, he gets a fresh start at a university. Asher’s boarding up the treehouse symbolizes his closing a chapter in his life forever. Other important symbols that appear are the instruments—Lily reflects on how even sound is gendered, with certain instruments being typically and predominantly chosen by boys or girls. Lily and Maya’s respective choices of the cello and the oboe both defy expectations, given that the instruments are usually played by boys, and parallel or foreshadow the unusual or surprising aspects of the girls’ character. Honey, too, makes a final appearance in these chapters when Olivia gives Ava a jar to take with her. Olivia reflects on how honey doesn’t spoil and thus will wait for Ava until she’s ready.

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