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52 pages 1 hour read

George Saunders

Liberation Day: Stories

Fiction | Short Story Collection | Adult | Published in 2022

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Background

Literary Context: Saunders and Dystopian Literature

George Saunders's contemporary dystopian fiction emerges within the broader context of literary exploration of societal anxieties and the human condition. Positioned within the tradition of dystopian literature, Saunders's works share thematic elements with predecessors such as George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949) and Aldous Huxley's Brave New World (1932). Saunders also follows the postmodern literary traditions of psychological complexity demonstrated through stream-of-consciousness syntax and nonlinear narrative chronology.

Saunders's stories often feature futuristic, exaggerated worlds that serve as satirical mirrors reflecting the absurdities and flaws of contemporary society. His narratives blend speculative elements with humor, offering a lens through which to examine cultural, political, and social landscapes. In the context of contemporary dystopian fiction, Saunders's stories in Liberation Day address pressing concerns such as oppression, dehumanization, and the growing gap between the rich and the poor. He uses dark humor to investigate human folly and often approaches human evil through bleak, matter-of-fact language that points to human absurdity. In his satire and ironic approaches to human nature, he has predecessors in postmodern experimentalists such as Kurt Vonnegut, Raymond Carver, Thomas Pynchon, Martin Amis, and David Foster Wallace. Like these authors, Saunders uses absurdity and irony to illustrate the bleakness of human behavior; his satire, however, offers glimpses of hope and humor within his criticisms.

Cultural Context: Contemporary America

Saunders's dystopian fiction is rooted in the cultural and political context of contemporary America. It offers a sharp critique of contemporary American social norms and anxieties. Writing in a time marked by increasing social and political polarization, controversial political leadership (including that of Donald Trump), and an increasingly unequal distribution of wealth, Saunders taps into these cultural currents to construct worlds that are exaggerated and satirical reflections of contemporary issues.

Saunders's narratives often touch on themes of alienation and the erosion of empathy in an increasingly self-interested world. The isolation and detachment experienced by his characters—in both his dystopian worlds and within the stories that occur within a contemporary setting—reflect cultural apprehensions surrounding the potential dehumanization brought about by digitization, including increased surveillance, the ability to spread fake news, or the ability to manipulate data that connects to the brain. Saunders's fiction engages with the concerns and complexities of contemporary American culture and critically examines the cultural forces shaping people’s lives.

Rhetorical Context: Saunders’s Use of Satire and Emotion

Saunders's short stories are characterized by a distinctive rhetorical context that blends satire, dark humor, and poignant social commentary. Saunders employs a narrative voice and style marked by a keen sense of irony and an economy of language: he often expresses profound, and sometimes uncomfortable, observations of the human condition in paradoxically sparse language.

A key rhetorical feature in Saunders's work is satire. He uses humor and exaggeration to criticize and mock social norms, institutions, and behaviors. Saunders's stories also often employ unconventional narrative structures, through the use of fragmented or non-linear storytelling. These unconventional structures allow him to bounce between perspectives and speakers, thus highlighting how complex and nuanced human experience and observation can be. Saunders's work also frequently includes a rhetorical emphasis on empathy and compassion. Despite the often dark and dystopian settings, his stories illuminate moments of human connection and empathy. By juxtaposing humor with moments of profound emotion, Saunders communicates the importance of compassion in navigating the challenges of contemporary society.

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