91 pages • 3 hours read
Jeff ZentnerA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more. For select classroom titles, we also provide Teaching Guides with discussion and quiz questions to prompt student engagement.
Carver texts Jesmyn as soon as he gets home, telling her he had fun. He feels guilty about his developing connection with her, however: “I wonder if Eli, wherever he is, can see me texting his girlfriend, talking about what a blast we had hanging out without him” (88).
It’s the day before school starts. Carver decides he is strong enough to handle the “goodbye day” with Nana Betsy and drives to her house to tell her he’ll do it. Once he gets there, though, he chickens out. He drives away again without knocking and hopes she’ll forget about the idea.
Carver and his parents meet Attorney Jim Krantz. Although no formal charges have been made against Carver, the family wants to be prepared. Mr. Krantz explains Tennessee’s laws regarding criminally negligent homicide. A person can be charged with criminally negligent homicide if they know a certain action has a good chance of harming someone and they do it anyway. In Carver’s case, the key to a criminally negligent homicide conviction would be proving that Carver knew Mars was driving when he texted him. Mr. Krantz instructs Carver not to talk to anybody about the case. Carver learns that his parents anticipate paying $150,000 in legal fees and may need to borrow against the family home.
Before the meeting, Carver has an imaginary conversation about lawyers with Mars. Mars’s dad is a judge (Judge Edwards), and his brother is a lawyer, so he knows what they’re like. At the end of the conversation, Carver asks Mars how he is: “Everything good where you are right now?” (92). Mars is already gone and can’t answer.
It’s the first day of school. Jesmyn picks up Carver, and they go together, as planned. They talk in the car. While Carver is knowledgeable about writing and books, he doesn’t know much about music. Jesmyn, a pianist, is passionate about music and says she’ll educate him. She invites him to a concert in October by the musician Dearly; she was originally going to go with Eli and has an extra ticket. Carver feels guilty saying yes but agrees to join her.
Inside school, a memorial has been set up for Mars, Eli, and Blake. Carver has a panic attack and collapses in the hallway in front of his classmates, including Eli’s sister, Adair. Jesmyn helps him outside and into the bed of her pickup truck, where he lies down to recover.
Still lying in the back of Jesmyn’s pickup truck, Carver has an imaginary conversation with Sauce Crew. They tease him about falling down in front of his classmates. Carver calls Georgia to come pick him up, explaining that he had another panic attack. She comes to get him and brings him home, on two conditions. First, he has to tell their parents what’s happened. Second, he has to meet with the therapist she recommended, Dr. Mendez. Georgia makes an appointment for him immediately.
At home, Carver works on his college admission essay but is still hampered by writer’s block. He writes nonsense, spurring from his guilt: “Let me into your college and I promise to try not to kill anybody else with my writing” (124). The possibility that he might go to prison instead of college is also making it hard to write.
After school, Jesmyn and Carver go for a walk. Jesmyn tells him that another boy at school, Alex Bishop, invited her to sit with him at lunch. Carver tells her Alex used to date Adair. Jesmyn thinks that explains why Adair was giving her mean looks at school. Carver assures her that it’s probably also because Jesmyn’s been hanging out with him, since Adair blames Carver for Eli’s death.
A new phenomenon appears in these chapters. Instead of just having flashbacks about his friends, Carver starts having imaginary conversations with them. The first is with Mars, when Carver is preparing to meet Mr. Krantz, and Mars provides insights into what lawyers are like. The second is after Carver has his panic attack at school and the entire Sauce Crew checks on him as he lies in Jesmyn’s pickup truck. The Sauce Crew thus seems to appear when Carver is in emotional distress—anxious about meeting a lawyer and embarrassed about a public panic attack. These imaginary conversations are set off from the rest of the text using italics.
Carver’s and Jesmyn’s relationship continues to deepen. Her character becomes more well-rounded as Carver gets to know her better. She’s no longer “Eli’s ex-girlfriend” but a person in her own right, with a multi-faceted identity: musician, Filipina, Southern, adopted. She’s an assertive woman of color and repeatedly flags Carver’s subconscious racism. When he remarks that it’s funny that Jesmyn’s favorite breakfast is biscuits and grave, grits, and ham, she responds: “Because I’m of Asian descent and therefore it’s funny that I enjoy Southern food? I’m from Jackson, Tennessee, dude. Racist” (103). Although the ensuing exchange is lighthearted, Jesmyn’s calling out of Carver’s casual racism offers an educational opportunity for Carver and for the reader (casual racism is a subtle form of racism that sometimes goes unnoticed).
The term “goodbye day,” which inspire the book’s title, is formally coined in Chapter 12. Carver, the writer, appropriately comes up with the term (although Nana Betsy came up with the idea). Carver’s reluctance to go through with the goodbye day speaks to his ongoing guilt and grief. Now, added to these complex feelings, he also has fear—the fear of potentially going to jail. Again, the intimate first-person point of view, combining not only internal thoughts but also dreams, flashbacks, and fantasies, helps to convey Carver’s emotional evolution.
The promise of a potential legal battle also amps up the suspense. The novel shares a key trait of a mystery or thriller in that it starts with a dead body—three dead bodies. Instead of pursuing a “whodunnit” narrative, however, the author instead explores the emotional repercussions of these deaths. Still, suggesting that these deaths might be the result of a crime, adding a criminal investigation into the story, and leaving Carver’s future uncertain all add suspense. While the book’s primary plot is arguably the emotional journey, the criminal investigation is a subplot.
Even more tension is added with the revelation that Carver’s parents may have to pay up to $150,000 in legal fees and even borrow against the house to cover the costs. By adding this detail, the author makes the stakes even higher. Carver’s entire family will be impacted by this incident. Nonetheless, his parents’ willingness to pay for a lawyer speaks to their love for their son and reiterates the importance of family, a thematic argument that develops throughout the narrative.
By Jeff Zentner