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44 pages 1 hour read

Jennifer L. Holm

Full of Beans

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 2016

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Chapters 1-5Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 1 Summary: “Lying Liars”

A brief advertisement to potential tourists during the Great Depression precedes Chapter 1. It tells the reader that Key West, where the story takes place, is a perfect vacation spot due to its warm temperatures and lack of dust and smoke, especially in winter when it rarely rains.

A time stamp indicates that the setting is July 1934. Beans is the 10-year-old first-person narrator of the story, and his version of Key West is quite different from the travel brochure’s text. He mentions streets, where garbage lies in “rotting mounds” (2), and stray dogs and rats are everywhere. The town is too poor for a trash collector; Beans’s own family is too poor for new pants, so his mother patches holes repeatedly. As the chapter opens, Beans and 8-year-old brother Kermit use Beans’s red wagon to take 20 condensed milk cans they dug out of the garbage heaps, rinsed, and cleaned to Winky, a man with slick hair who resells the used cans to the local Cuban restaurant Pepe’s Café.

Beans argues with Winky; the deal was 20 cans for a dime, but now Winky claims the deal was always 50 cans. He offers a nickel, and as Kermit is hungry, Beans eventually gives in and takes it. Beans is frustrated; he knows grown-ups lie, and Winky is one of the worst. A nickel is only enough for cracker sandwiches for lunch (a taste of ham between two crackers), not the good Cuban ham sandwich Beans wanted to buy. Kermit is still hungry, so Beans tells him to scrape some dilly gum (sap from a sapodilla tree) to chew.

It is noontime and quiet; many locals nap in the hottest part of the day. The brothers watch as a car—a real rarity in Key West, as no one local can afford vehicles or gasoline—drives near them. The car reminds Beans of one that belonged to “dead outlaws” Bonnie and Clyde (6). The man wears Bermuda shorts (which Beans and Kermit think are long underwear), a dress shirt, a bow tie, and a fedora. He introduces himself as Mr. Julius Stone, Jr. and says he is from the government, sent to help Key West by President Roosevelt himself. Beans agrees the whole town is in bad shape as people there have no money for paint or other ways to fix up the buildings—most are “on relief” (8)—but Beans does not believe Mr. Stone’s story.

Chapter 2 Summary: “Little Pests”

Beans lives in a shotgun-style rental house on Curry Lane. The house has termites and other pests. The Currys rent the house from “some shirttail cousin” of Beans’s father (10). At the house, Beans’s mother presses Beans and Kermit to take their three-year-old baby brother Buddy outside so she can work; she does other families’ laundry (by hand) for money. Beans and Kermit put Buddy in the wagon and walk to the waterfront. Buddy falls asleep in the wagon on the way. The boys see a stray dog following them, one that follows them often.

At the waterfront, they see fishing boats with caught fish, the turtle kraals (bins for turtles to be bought for meat), and Johnny Cakes, a boatman in a white linen suit and Panama hat whom many assume is a criminal. He has three coffins on deck; he says they are victims of a malaria epidemic in Havana. He claims he brought the corpses home to their families. Kermit calls him a Good Samaritan.

Back home, the brothers see that Poppy, their father, is back from searching the Keys for work. Poppy hugs Beans and helps put a cornstarch paste on Ma’s hurting hands (the detergent from laundering is harsh on her skin). A fire bell goes off, but they can tell from the coded ringing and the fire card they keep in the house that it is not near them. That night, Beans and Kermit go to bed in their room upstairs, but Beans cannot sleep because of the heat and mosquitoes. He overhears Poppy’s plan to go to New Jersey for work. Poppy says he will send for them all to move there once he has a job. When Poppy leaves a few days later, Beans asks him if they will all move, and Poppy says no. Beans thinks of this as another adult lie.

Chapter 3 Summary: “Keepsies”

Beans’s best friend is Pork Chop Soldano. The Soldano house is always busy with people coming and going because they have a phone many borrow and because Pork Chop’s mother sells lottery tickets for the Cuban lottery called bolita. Beans enjoys Mrs. Soldano’s cooking, including bollos, spicy black-eyed pea fritters. Together with Ira, another boy in their gang, Pork Chop, Beans, and Kermit play marbles against the Mighty Mibsters. Bean’s gang, the Keepsies, are undefeated in the neighborhood, and they expect to win. On the way, they see the dog again, whom Beans calls Termite, and a boy named Marvin, whose nickname is Too Bad. Too Bad asks where they are going, but the boys avoid answering Too Bad, whom Beans thinks is annoying. The Keepsies win the marble game. Dot, the best female player on the island, challenges Beans to a game, but Beans refuses to play her because she is a girl.

Chapter 4 Summary: “Cut-Up”

Duval Street, a main thoroughfare of Key West, has little activity, but the movie theater and the ice cream shop are still open. These are favorite spots for Beans. He especially loves the movies; movies with young child actors are of strong interest. He loves movies with Spanky McFarland, Wheezer Hutchins, and Baby LeRoy. The gang gets the idea of selling something like many street vendors do in town. Their idea to “make” gum by scraping it from dilly trees—and pre-chewing it for softness—goes nowhere. Then Beans gets the idea to cut up fruit dropped from fruit trees around town; if you get it from the ground, it is not stealing, even on private property, and it is free.

They convince Too Bad to climb and shake the trees to make the fruit fall, gathering it up. They cut it up at Too Bad’s house, where Beans notices a fire key to an alarm box. That means Too Bad’s family has the important responsibility of setting off the fire alarm inside one of the alarm boxes if needed. They sell the fruit in cups to fishermen on the waterfront and make a nice profit. Beans sends Too Bad to fetch the rest of the fruit when they run low, but as he returns, he becomes ill from eating all the extra fruit on the way. Not only do they have no more fruit, but Too Bad vomits on Beans’s bare feet. They reject Too Bad’s request to be in their gang.

Chapter 5 Summary: “Bum Deal”

The boys’ fruit-selling scheme works so well that they plan to see a movie featuring child star Shirley Temple. On the way to the theater for the early evening show, Beans passes Jelly, a prisoner in the jail who, like other prisoners, goes home for supper because the prison cannot afford to feed inmates. Then they pass Mr. Stone, who is trying to convince a gathered crowd that tourism is the answer for Key West. He says the town’s management is now under the federal government’s control. Someone in the crowd says, “He’s one of them Roosevelt New Dealers” (38). Mr. Stone tells the people that the tourist season will begin December 1 and that federal money will pay for supplies—but unpaid volunteers must complete the work to make Key West tourist-friendly. The townspeople yell and complain.

Beans and Kermit get to the theater before the other boys, but Kermit admits to Beans that he has intestinal worms again. Beans is frustrated but knows the movie money must go to medicine to rid Kermit of worms. At Mr. Gardner’s pharmacy, Beans buys worm syrup; back at the theater, he tells the other boys that he and Kermit cannot view the film. Beans takes Kermit home, then goes for a walk. It is dark because the power company shut down the streetlights when the town quit paying bills. He passes a bar where local men like to drink. Johnny Cakes hails Beans and tells him he wants Beans’s help with a job. Beans is suspicious and wants time to think about it, but Winky, drunk at the bar, harasses Beans: “That kid’s my best worker […]. He’ll crawl through anything for me. And I do mean anything” (44). That does it for Beans; he rejects being a good kid, as they get suckered all the time, and accepts whatever job Johnny Cakes has for him.

Chapters 1-5 Analysis

The opening chapters of Full of Beans establish the setting and characterization.

Key West in 1934 is in the throes of the Great Depression, and hardly a page goes by without Beans giving the reader at least one small indicator of the hardships with which he and his neighbors contend. The children wear no shoes, as they cannot afford any and the weather is warm enough to go without. Beans’s father cannot find local work, and his mother must take in laundry to make some cash. The houses are run-down and decrepit for lack of paint, and no one has an automobile because gasoline is too expensive.

Other historical details differentiate Key West, though, from other small American Depression-era towns; Beans’s details about the fishermen, the turtle pens, the pests (like scorpions) in his house, the “dilly” trees, and the Cuban influence like Mrs. Soldano’s bollos, the bolita (lottery), and Pepe’s Café all suggest a setting that feels both intriguing and tropical. This sets the stage for Mr. Stone’s plan to establish Key West as a tourist destination as part of President Roosevelt’s New Deal, comprised of projects, plans, and programs designed to alleviate the impact of the Great Depression and focused on recuperation efforts that would benefit Americans.

The events of daily life in the town, directly and indirectly, establish characterization for Beans and those with whom he interacts. Beans is a strong-minded, strong-willed 10-year-old with a no-fuss, tell-it-like-it-is demeanor. He has a tough, seasoned exterior due to the hard times in which he lives; he is resourceful and adept at making his surroundings work for him, as is the case with selling cut-up fruit to fishermen.

The inciting incident of Mr. Julius Stone’s arrival and subsequent announcement of the federal takeover occurs shortly after Beans’s contentious run-in with Winky; it is no wonder Beans assumes the stranger is lying, as he (Beans) is already on a rant about grown-ups’ dishonesty, and Mr. Stone’s story seems outlandish. Indeed, the historical Mr. Julius Stone arrived in a Key West that really did have garbage piled in the streets and broken-down buildings on its many lanes. As the writer details in her Author’s Notes following the story, the Federal Emergency Relief Administration took control of Key West, and Mr. Stone opted to promote the area to tourists to save the local economy instead of removing and resettling its residents. In terms of Beans’s character arc, his interior conflict’s inciting incident occurs near the end of Chapter 5 when he faces the decision to help Johnny Cakes. The atmosphere of lawbreaking and deceit builds throughout Chapters 1-5 (with Winky’s lies, the pre-chewed gum, the suspicious coffins, and Beans’s own father’s dishonesty about moving the family to New Jersey) and paves the way for personal conflict when Beans decides “good boys [are] suckers” (44) and agrees to work for Johnny Cakes no matter the consequences.

Beans uses the word “Conchs” in his narrative; Conchs are people who settled Key West, were born in Key West, or have lived there for many years. His address, Curry Lane, suggests that Beans’s family has long resided there or perhaps even settled the Key. Additionally, many characters go by nicknames in the town, which lends humor to the narrative and contributes to the charm and colorfulness of the setting.

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