73 pages • 2 hours read
Ellie TerryA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Calli begins the novel from a place of hiding: She doesn’t tell her classmates, her friends, or her teachers about her Tourette syndrome, and she actively tries to suppress or hide her tics. Though the novel is told mostly through Calli’s point of view, Terry doesn’t introduce Tourette syndrome by name to the reader until page 19. Terry develops the theme of Neurodiversity and Self-Acceptance through Calli’s journey from hiding to confidence over the course of the novel.
When Calli first describes her Tourette syndrome, she concludes the poem saying, “Now my Tourette’s / is harder to hide, / but I have to try / if I want to make friends” (19-20). When Call was first diagnosed with Tourette syndrome at eight, her doctor advised her not to tell anyone for fear of being misjudged, and Calli’s mom has continued to affirm Calli hiding her Tourette’s. She reminds Calli on the first day at this new school, “[D]on’t tell anyone about—” and Calli cuts her off, “My Tourette’s? / Yeah, Mom. I know” (26). Calli chooses her clothes for school based on how distracting the clothes can be from her tics. Calli has designed her life at school around hiding, and because of this, she hasn’t been able to fully be herself at all the schools she’s been to so far. The stigma against Tourette syndrome perpetuated by Calli’s mom and her doctor has communicated to Calli that she cannot be herself around other people. This is symbolized through Calli’s difficulty with the self-portrait project in art class; she says, “There is already one of me. / Why would I want / a second me?” (47). Calli does not want to accept her Tourette’s, and so she cannot fully accept herself.
Calli’s perception of her Tourette syndrome changes when she starts telling other people the truth about her tics and she’s taught to see them from a neutral rather than negative place. When Calli’s tics knock her backwards in science class, she runs out of the room to hide. Kenny and two teachers find her and she tells them about her Tourette syndrome. Calli meets the school counselor, Mrs. Baumgartner, who tells her to let out her tics the same way a person would a sneeze or a yawn. She teaches Calli how to say affirmations: “I am smart [...] I am strong [...] And I can do ANYTHING [...] I set my mind to do” (162-63). When Chonglin, Jinsong’s brother, points out her winking tic, she explains what it is to him, even though “[i]t feels strange talking about tics with someone / other than Mom or Dr. Flagner” (217). After Calli receives a locket box from Ivy, she decides that her mom and doctor were wrong to tell her to hide and that hiding only made the tics worse. That day, Calli finishes her self-portrait, symbolizing her self-acceptance. Calli demonstrates her newfound self-acceptance by choosing to tell everyone about her Tourette syndrome at her new school in Las Vegas at the end of the novel, a direct contrast to how she introduced herself at the start.
Calli’s neurodiversity is an important part of her identity; when other people disparage her for her Tourette syndrome, it is harder for Calli to love and accept herself. However, when Mrs. Baumgartner encourages Calli to let her tics out and Jinsong stands up for Calli to his friends, Calli feels empowered to accept herself. Terry suggests that self-acceptance will help neurodiverse people to thrive and that others in a community can be allies in this process.
Terry explores Hurt in Child-Parent Relationships through Calli’s relationship with her mom and Beatriz’s lost relationship with her absent mom. These difficult relationships impact Calli’s and Beatriz’s ability to form relationships with other people.
Calli’s mom’s first action in the story happens before Page 1: She packed Calli’s things while Calli was sleeping, preparing to move their family without warning. Calli describes the move and her mom’s emotional breakdown over her break-up in the poem “The Usual,” showing how Calli has grown used to her life being dictated by her mother’s relationship status. Calli’s mom doesn’t ask Calli about her feelings or how the move has affected her. Terry symbolizes Calli’s mom’s lack of consideration for Calli’s feelings through how Calli’s mom treats Calli’s hair. Calli, who struggles with self-acceptance, loves her hair. However, Calli’s mom doesn’t like how Calli tugs at her hair, refusing to treat it as a tic and rather treating it as a bad habit. Ultimately, Calli’s mom cuts Calli’s hair before her first day at her new school, demonstrating how little she understands Calli’s feelings and how little care she gives to Calli. When Calli arrives at the flower shop after her first day, her mom’s first words to her are to ask her to move because “[she] really need[s] the space” for her work (54). Throughout the novel, Calli’s mom prioritizes her needs (space, time, relationships) over Calli’s needs (friendship, stability, encouragement). Calli therefore struggles to know how to have her needs met from other sources throughout the novel.
Terry first introduces Beatriz as Calli’s bully at school, then as Jinsong’s former friend, and finally as a girl who has been left by her mother. Beatriz’s mom left her dad but only took Beatriz’s two siblings with her when she moved, leaving Beatriz behind. Jinsong tells Calli that Beatriz once confessed to him “how mad she is at her mother. But her mother isn’t here, so she takes her anger out on everyone else” (270). Beatriz cannot communicate with her mom, so she releases those feelings onto other people, such as Jinsong and Calli. As a result, Beatriz has lost her close friendships: both Jinsong and the other girls at school. Calli compares her own relationship with her mother to Beatriz’s, saying, “Sure, Mom gives me bad advice, and her dating decisions / ruin my life, / but at least she’s in it” (272). Both Calli and Beatriz demonstrate how hurt in child-parent relationships can affect a child’s development. For Calli, her mom’s dismissal of her Tourette syndrome and her mom’s lack of stability have led to Calli’s low self-esteem and lack of close friendships. For Beatriz, her mom’s abandonment and lack of communication has led to her bullying behavior and similar lack of close friendships. Through these characters, Terry shows the impact that hurt in child-parent relationships can have on other areas of a child’s life.
Through Calli, Jinsong, Duncan, Nyle, Ivy, and Beatriz, the novel presents bullying as a multi-faceted issue that includes bullies, victims, bystanders, and adults. The Many Faces of Bullying in Schools includes a wide variety of participants and an equally diverse set of reasons for bullying behavior.
Calli is explicitly verbally bullied for her clothes and tics by Duncan, Nyle, and Beatriz in class at school. Calli doesn’t petition any adults on campus for help, but Dr. Kahn and Mrs. Locke are both present for much of this bullying and do not address it. For example, when Beatriz gets the class to mock Calli’s repetition of the word “precipitation,” Calli notes that “Mrs. Locke / doesn’t do anything to stop it, / and I'm not surprised, / because all she witnesses / is her students discussing the assignment” (123). In the same poem, Calli also points out that Jinsong is completely silent. At this point in the narrative, Jinsong and Calli have spent most afternoons together, so it is especially hurtful to Calli that Jinsong does not stand up for her. Terry conveys in the chapters from Jinsong’s point of view that he is afraid to stand up for Calli because he doesn’t want to be bullied as well. Once Mrs. Locke finds out about Calli’s Tourette syndrome, she addresses the class’s bullying, but there is no indication in the story that the bullying stops after that moment. Terry presents a story in which bullying happens because of several factors that do not include the bully simply being a bad person: miscommunication about a neurodivergent student, teachers’ inability to recognize verbal bullying, bystanders’ concerns over their own safety, and the psychology of the bully themselves.
Though Duncan and Nyle do explicitly bully Calli in the novel, Beatriz is characterized as her main adversary. When Duncan and Nyle react to Calli on the first day, their bullying stems from their reaction to difference, whereas Beatriz actively seeks out conflict with Calli, intentionally rallying their classmates around planned bullying attacks. Terry provides the reader with a reason for Beatriz’s behavior: Her mom abandoned her and moved away. This rationalization doesn’t excuse Beatriz’s behavior, and she is still confronted by Calli for her hurtful comments. However, by giving the reader this insight, Terry suggests that the bully’s psychology is an important part in understanding the bullying problem. Calli encourages Beatriz to change, which she does. Beatriz represents how compassion and understanding might stop bullying behavior altogether.
The desire for a close friendship drives Calli’s actions throughout the novel. Through the plot, Terry argues that friendships can be strengthened through conflict and that close friendships require conflict resolution skills.
At the end of Part 2, Calli and Jinsong are no longer on speaking terms because Jinsong didn’t stand up for Calli against her bullies. This conflict—Jinsong’s embarrassment about his friendship with Calli—could have effectively ended their friendship, but at the start of Part 3, Jinsong apologizes to Calli. Jinsong’s apology includes honesty about why he was embarrassed of Calli and an immediate action to make things right: holding her hand in front of their classmates and defending her in front of his brother. Both Calli and Jinsong recognize that something has shifted in their friendship, as evidenced by their two neighboring chapters: “Lying Awake” and “Different” (214-15). Similarly, Calli and Beatriz were in conflict with one another for most of the novel, but Calli shares honestly about how Beatriz hurt her and leaves the option open for her and Beatriz to become pen pals. Jinsong and Beatriz were best friends prior to the start of the novel and only find their way back to their friendship once they are both honest with each other and choose to resolve their conflict.
In contrast to these examples of conflict resolution leading to stronger friendships, Duncan, Nyle, and Jinsong do not resolve their conflict, and as a result, their friendship dissolves. Over the course of the novel, Jinsong lies to Duncan and Nyle about his feelings for Calli, and when he does communicate how he feels, he does so through a punch to the face. There is no indication that the boys resolve their issues at the novel’s end, in part because Jinsong has decided that he doesn’t want to be friends with them anymore. Ivy shows a separate example of failed conflict resolution: passive aggressive behavior. Rather than explain to Calli why she no longer wants to be friends with her, Ivy just moves tables at lunch. Similarly, when Ivy no longer wanted to be friends with Beatriz, she asked for the friendship locket back without any explanation. These events all demonstrate how a refusal to communicate, whether through violence or silence, can end a friendship after conflict rather than strengthen it.
In the final chapter of the novel, Calli tells Jinsong that she’ll be able to visit in June. Through this conclusion, Terry shows that a friendship strengthened through conflict resolution can be long lasting, even across distance.