47 pages • 1 hour read
Michael HerrA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Summary
Chapter Summaries & Analyses
Key Figures
Themes
Symbols & Motifs
Important Quotes
Essay Topics
Tools
When in Saigon, Herr almost always gets stoned before going to sleep, which results in him not being able to remember his dreams. He interviews the Marines and asks if they can recall their dreams, and they tell him that “they didn’t remember their dreams either when they were in the zone, but on R&R or in the hospital their dreaming would be constant, open, violent and clear” (33). Not only does Herr go to bed stoned, he often smokes before getting out of bed.
In the Highlands, it is possible to get a pound of weed for a carton of Salems from the Montagnards, the indigenous people of the Central Highlands. Smoking with some infantrymen, one of them hands Herr a plastic bag full of what looks like dried fruit. Hungry, Herr almost reaches into the bag, “but it had a bad weight to it” (34). He realizes later that it was a bag of dried ears cut off of North Vietnamese soldiers.
Dana Stone, a photojournalist covering the war, tells a story about flying in a Chinook with a Marine’s rifle pointed straight at him. When he motions for the man to point it away, he and the other Marines just laughed. Flynn pipes up and says that, “There’s a colonel in the Seventh Marines who said he’d give a three-day pass to any one of his men who killed a correspondent for him. A week if they get Dana” (35). Dana argues that that’s “bullshit. They fucking think I’m God” (36).
A new correspondent comes by the hotel room to introduce himself. He starts peppering Dana with questions, “but that made sense since the man had never been out and Dana hardly ever came in” (37). When the new correspondent asks, “What does it look like when a man gets hit in the balls?” (38) he comes “as close as you could get to a breach of taste in that room” (38). But Stone answers him matter-of-factly “because he’d seen that, he was just telling the man” (38).
Herr describes the conflict in the early 1960’s as a “spookwar,” “when a dead American in the jungle was an event, a grim thrilling novelty” (50). Back then the U.S. presence wasn’t classified as soldiers, or even advisors, they were “[i]rregulars, working in remote places under little direct authority, acting out their fantasies with more freedom than most men ever know” (50). But then “Their adventure became our war” (51).
Herr explains how there are times, at night, when the jungle falls silent. He has experienced it before, in the Amazon and in the Philippines, “but those jungles were ‘secure,’ there wasn’t much chance that hundreds of Viet Cong were coming and going, moving and waiting, living out there just to do you harm” (52). The tension lasts until the animals in the jungle resume their noises, or the sounds of war—a helicopter overhead or a bullet being loaded into a chamber—are heard.
There are some combat troops that die in their sleep and there is a debate over whether they are better off for it. Some soldiers die of exhaustion. They are so tired they cannot take that extra precautionary step that can mean the difference between life and death. At one point, Herr has a five-minute conversation with a sergeant whose squad has just come in from a long patrol, and he realizes that the man is sleep-talking, right there in the bar.
Herr describes his “intimate” relationship with the Marines this way: “they were my guns, and I let them do it […] I let them do that for me while I watched, maybe for them, maybe not” (67). It was a division of labor that “worked all right until one night when I slid over to the wrong end of the story, propped up behind some sandbags at an airstrip in Can Tho with a .30-caliber automatic in my hands” (67). Herr questions the sincerity of “those people who used to say that they only wept for the Vietnamese” (67). As far as he is concerned, they “never really wept for anyone at all if they couldn’t squeeze out at least one for these men and boys when they died or had their lives cracked open for them” (67). This is after he talks about the disgust he feels at some of the Marines’ actions, including throwing people out of helicopters, and setting dogs on people who are tied up. But he has “stood as close to them as [he] could without actually being one of them” (67) and he understands the forces that have had their way on these young minds.
In these two chapters, much is made about how information is gained and interpreted. The new correspondent comes in and tries to get information from Dana, but there is nothing that Dana can tell him that is going to be of any use. The new correspondent is going to have to learn the same way that the others did: through experience. Finally, Dana says, “Only thing I can tell you that might actually do you some good is to go back up to your room and practice hitting the floor for awhile” (38). When soldiers face action upcountry, the results are wired down to the men in Saigon whose mission it is to “make the heaviest numbers jump up and dance” (42): “Nothing so horrible ever happened upcountry that it was beyond language fix and press relations” (42).
Shortly after he arrives in Vietnam, Herr hears on the radio that the Pentagon has said that the war will “have to end sometime in 1968” (47). But the troops are less optimistic about the war ending anytime soon:
[I]n the boonies, where they were deprived of all information except what they’d gathered for themselves on either side of the treeline, they’d look around like someone was watching and say, ‘I dunno, Charlie’s up to something. Slick, slick, that fucker’s so slick. Watch!’ (47).
The information collected by the politicians and military brass is radically different than the information received by the men in battle, but the frontline soldiers are not the ones making policy decisions.
The differing information is not only a result of the men in Saigon and Washington, D.C. not listening to the troops on the ground; sometimes, the military brass are deliberately fed misinformation because it benefits those leading the units. When Herr is embedded with one unit, the captain takes him “out to play Cowboys and Indians” (61). A team of a hundred heavily-armed men and a gunship sweep a five-mile area. They kill what they think might be a scout for the Viet Cong, but could just as easily be “from a friendly tribe” (61). When the captain gets back to camp he fills out a report, “‘One VC killed’; good for the unit…not bad for the captain either” (61). The Command doesn’t like dead civilians.