40 pages • 1 hour read
Wallace StegnerA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
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The beginning of Part 3 takes place in the present, with the long-awaited meeting of Larry, Sally, Charity, and Sid. Having harbored negative feelings for Charity, her real-life presence complicates Larry’s feelings. On top of this, the prospect of her imminent passing weighs heavy upon their emotions: “I had been prepared to find Charity a transparent husk all but eaten away from within and held together by only pride and will. I should have known better” (275). Charity’s “spirit” comes through, overwhelming their pity for her: “Her spirit gushed and overflowed and swept us up, making us forget pity, caution, concern, everything but the pleasure of her presence” (275). In this situation, Larry remarks on how Sally seems more at home with the gravity of this situation, and reconciling both her and Charity to the coming loss, and their fractured friendship. They speak candidly about dying—about the lack of any meaningful, established preparation: “They say there’s no decent literature on how to die. There ought to be, but there isn’t” (284). Throughout the conversation, they experience much pity for their old friend in this new, weakened condition, yet by the end of their meeting, something changes: Sally and Larry find that Charity, although dying, has not changed but somehow strengthened: “Pitying and shaken as I was, I had to admit she was the same old Charity. She saw objectives, not obstacles, and she did not let her uncomplicated confidence get clouded by other people’s doubts, or other people’s facts, or even other people’s feelings” (285-86). They begin to understand that a great part of the fear they feel is for themselves, rather than for their friend.
Sid and Larry are trying to restart an old car, the Marmon. Even considering Charity’s imminent death, she has decided they will have a picnic. The gesture seems absurd to both men, but they are keen to carry out these wishes, and they believe they will take comfort in the tasks. However, this is not so; although Sid seems to be holding up, Larry notices that he is expectedly in deep distress: “He was a man in a briar patch. So long as he kept still he was comfortable, but every time he moved he found thorns” (289). This final episode is the last conflict of the novel: Charity is determined that her death must not break the normalcy she has fought to establish, and she believes that the ritual of the family picnic is sacred. Although the family wants to fulfill these last wishes, they feel that her desire to keep to plans and deliberation is no longer meaningful. As Sid puts it: “[W]hat if this picnic is too much for her? […] What right has anybody to tell her she can’t spend her last hours roller-skating, if that’s what she wants? How are you going to keep her from doing what she’s going to do whether you forbid it or not?” (296).
From the beginning of Part 3 to the end of the novel, Larry begins to grapple with his emotions toward Charity and Sid. In Chapter 1 of Part 3, Charity’s appearance surprises Larry: She is not wasting away, and she does not appear to have changed at all. Instead, her imminent death seems to have reinforced and confirmed Charity’s image and principles. Larry is unable to summon the kind of pity that he typically reserves for the dying and instead rediscovers in Charity something of the friend—and opponent—he had always known. Nevertheless, Larry feels guilty that he cannot simply put aside how he feels, even so close to her death. In Chapter 2, Larry learns that Charity has insisted that even though she is terminally ill, the family must have their usual picnic. This immediately seems absurd to both Sid and Larry. Something like a picnic might not seem important, but to Charity it has two meanings: First, she believes that the ritual is more important than her own pain or passing, and everyone must observe the ritual, rather than mourn; second, Charity is newly enfeebled by this illness, and the picnic is her last attempt to exert her will and retain her dignity. It is this second meaning that most bothers Sid and Larry—that their lives will ultimately reflect her will, as they always have.
By Wallace Stegner