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84 pages 2 hours read

Katherine Applegate

Crenshaw

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 2015

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Chapters 1-7Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 1 Summary

The narrator, Jackson, notices four “weird things about the surfboarding cat” (3). First, that it is surfboarding. Second, that it is wearing a t-shirt that reads “CATS RULE, DOGS DROOL” (3). Third, that it is holding a closed umbrella, and fourth, that no one else sees the cat. Jackson recognizes the cat and whispers his name, “Crenshaw” (4). Jackson closes his eyes and counts to ten. When he opens his eyes, Crenshaw is gone. Just as Jackson sighs with relief, Crenshaw’s umbrella lands at Jackson’s feet. He closes his eyes again, and when he opens them, the umbrella is gone. A feeling of expectation comes over Jackson, and he shivers.

Chapter 2 Summary

Jackson asserts that he is “not an imaginary friend kind of guy” (7). He likes facts, especially surprising ones, and wants to be an animal scientist when he grows up. His friend, Marisol, shares his passion. The two have started a dog-walking service and enjoy trading facts while walking the dogs.

Jackson likes facts because they are true, while stories are lies. He notes that, though he had his “Crenshaw phase,” he has never “been much into make-believe stuff” (9). He recalls his parents taking him to the mall to see the Easter Bunny. When it was his turn to pose with the bunny, he pulled off its paw, saw a man’s hand inside, and shouted, “This man is not a rabbit!” (10). The mall manager made his family leave, without the free candy basket and photo the other children received. Jackson names this as the first time he discovered “people don’t always like to hear the truth” (10).

Chapter 3 Summary

After the incident with the Easter Bunny, his parents become worried that Jackson has no imagination and is too serious and grown-up. They ask Jackson’s grandmother for advice, and she advises them not to worry, since he will inevitably grow out of these traits when he becomes a teenager.

Chapter 4 Summary

A few hours later, Jackson is at home playing cerealball with his 5-year-old sister, Robin. They invented cerealball when they were hungry but did not have enough food. They pick a target—usually Robin’s T-ball cap—and try to throw a piece of cereal into it. They cannot eat the cereal until they hit the target. Jackson stresses the importance of selecting a target that is far enough away to ensure the food is not eaten too quickly.

When it is his turn to throw, Jackson gets a direct hit. Reaching into the hat for his cereal, he discovers four purple jelly beans, his favorite flavor. Robin claims not to know where they came from and declares, “It’s magic!” (16). After Jackson’s mother, Sara, also denies knowing about them, he wonders if Crenshaw is somehow behind the jelly beans. Sara offers him and Robin some macaroni-and-cheese and an apple to share, then promises to pick up food the following day, after she receives her paycheck.

When she notices that Jackson is not eating his jelly beans, Robin offers to eat them for him, but he explains that he needs to think about them first. Jackson has not told anyone that he saw Crenshaw at the beach and focuses on finding a logical explanation, which is a scientist’s first rule. He considers that he got sunstroke at the beach or is dreaming, but the jelly beans are real. He eats them, determined to find a logical explanation.

Chapter 5 Summary

Jackson recalls the first time he met Crenshaw three years earlier. The family had been living out of their van and had parked at a rest stop. Jackson was lying in the grass when he spotted a large tuxedo kitten, taller than Jackson, skateboarding through the parking lot. After hopping off his board, he walked toward Jackson on two legs, “like a human,” and asked him if he had any purple jelly beans (22). Jackson had two and shared one with Crenshaw. Jackson introduced himself and asked the cat his name. The cat asked Jackson what he wanted his name to be, and Jackson chose Crenshaw. He could tell the cat was pleased.

Chapter 6 Summary

Jackson does not know where he came up with the name Crenshaw. He never encountered it through a place name, television show, or book. None of his relatives used the name. His parents were “[s]tarving musicians” who named their son for Tom’s guitar and their daughter for the company that produced Sara’s guitar (26). The children’s middle names came from relatives. Jackson wonders if a “brand-new” name that “wasn’t already used up” would have been better (27). He wonders if he liked the name Crenshaw because it was new, unused, and filled with a sense of possibility.

Chapter 7 Summary

Jackson reflects on the “weird” nature of memory, comparing it to “a Lego project where you’re missing some of the important pieces” (30). His early childhood experiences are largely lost to him. He can remember getting lost in a grocery store but not that his mother and father were crying and calling his name, which they later told him. He remembers when Robin first came home but not that he wanted to send her back, which his mother claims he did. He remembers feeling happy that Crenshaw liked purple jelly beans but not whether he thought it was weird that a giant cat was speaking to him at a rest stop.

Chapters 1-7 Analysis

The first chapter plunges readers into the mind of the narrator, Jackson, without preamble. He is at the beach when he sees a giant cat surfing; Jackson calls the cat Crenshaw. At the outset, it’s unclear whether the giant surfing cat is “real” within the world of the novel or imagined by the character. By creating this uncertainty, the author introduces a central tension within the novel and within the character of Jackson: fact/truth vs. story/fancy. Applegate plays on this tension throughout the novel, juxtaposing the harsh realities of Jackson’s life with humor and whimsy. The one-page third chapter provides an early example when Jackson mentions his parents expressing their concern about his seriousness to his grandmother. She replies that he will grow out of being overly grown up when he becomes a teenager.

It becomes clear in the second chapter that Crenshaw is Jackson’s imaginary friend specifically because Jackson denies being “an imaginary friend kind of guy” (7). Jackson likes facts and claims always to have done so. He recites a list of facts to demonstrate his facility with and knowledge of them, then goes on to praise facts for being true. Stories, on the other hand, “are lies, when you get right down to it,” and Jackson does not “like being lied to” (9). This sentiment echoes throughout the book as Jackson becomes frustrated by his parents’ tendency to sugar-coat or deny hard truths that Jackson cannot help but notice, such as not having enough food to eat, having to sell their possessions, and losing their home.

Without explicitly stating that his family is struggling financially, Jackson makes it clear through the game he plays with his sister in Chapter 4. Cerealball is his invention both to distract from an empty stomach and to make what food he has last longer. The sudden appearance of Jackson’s favorite purple jelly beans become a mystery he is determined to solve. As a believer of facts, Jackson insists there must be a logical explanation, though he wonders if Crenshaw could somehow be responsible. Eventually, he will discover the logical explanation, but he will also learn what his younger sister (as well as his parents and friend, Marisol) want him to embrace: a sense of wonder and belief in the value of intangibles.

Jackson describes his first meeting with Crenshaw without mentioning that he first appeared when Jackson’s family was homeless. This creates uncertainty about the conditions that first invited Jackson to create Crenshaw, further blurring the line between what is real and what is imagined, as well as creating a mystery for the reader. Chapters 6 and 7 add two layers to the mystery: Jackson does not recall either how he came up with the name Crenshaw or how he felt about Crenshaw when the cat first appeared. The name Crenshaw has no prior associations for Jackson, which is the reason he initially valued it. He remembers feeling happy to have a friend but not surprise at the friend being a giant skateboarding cat. The significance of these items becomes apparent as the novel progresses. Jackson values the comfort of Crenshaw’s presence, at having something to control and shape when so much else is outside of his control. An imaginary friend can be whatever its creator needs it to be, and it does not have to be factual or true or logical. Jackson’s journey in the book is to embrace this.

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