52 pages • 1 hour read
Christopher Paul CurtisA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Bud walks to the public library on the north side, hoping to sleep in the basement and get help from Miss Hill the next day. When he arrives, however, he finds the basement windows barred. He sits beneath the pine trees alongside the library and removes his blanket from his suitcase. After checking his flyers and tobacco bag of rocks, determines they did not take anything. He holds his photo of Momma in the light and thinks about the conversation they repeatedly had about it. In the photo, Momma is about ten years old like Bud is now. Her father arranged for a photographer to take her photo sitting on a miniature, sway-backed horse. Momma holds prop six-shooter pistols and wears a cowboy hat that is exaggeratedly tall. Her expression is moody and angry. Momma told Bud that her “hardheaded” father forced her to wear the hat despite how filthy it was.
Bud remembers Momma as a high-energy, intense woman: “[…] she was like a tornado, never resting, always looking around us, never standing still” (41). In addition to the story about the photo, Momma often repeated three other important things to Bud. The first regarded his name: “I knew what I was doing, Buddy is a dog’s name or a name the someone’s going to use on you if they’re being false-friendly” (41). Momma also told Bud that she would explain “a lot of things” to him, which she did not get to; she was also fond of telling Bud the adage about another door opening when one door closes, but Bud realizes he is only beginning to understand what she meant by that. Bud plans to wake early to get to the mission for breakfast as he lies down in his blanket beneath the pine tree.
Bud is late for getting in line at the mission the next morning. A man tells Bud the line cut off at 7 a.m., and it is now 7:15. Bud tries to explain and attempts to lie, but the man threatens him with a black strap. Another man, tall and physically imposing, suddenly calls Bud “Clarence” and smacks him on the back of the head, telling Bud to return to where his momma and siblings are in the line. A woman calls to him, “Clarence, you get over here right now” (47). This ruse convinces the line guard that Bud is their son, and Bud is able to enter the mission with this family. When the line turns the last corner, the people in line laugh at the irony of a billboard depicting “a family of four rich white people sitting in a car driving somewhere” (49). The car is large and the people pictured are dressed well, smiling, and “shiny.” A caption on the billboard reads “There’s no place like America today!” (50). Bud enjoys oatmeal inside the mission for breakfast and notices the peace and quiet inside. His “pretend momma” even sprinkles some brown sugar on his oatmeal from a small packet she has. The man and woman warn Bud to get in line plenty early for supper.
Bud returns to the library. Inside, he pauses to enjoy the smell of leather, cloth, and paper, thinking how it is no wonder folks often fall asleep while reading a book in the library. He stashes his suitcase at the desk and goes to look for Miss Hill, whom he hopes can help him. He cannot find her; he asks about her at the circulation desk. The woman there explains that Miss Hill got married and moved to Chicago with her new husband. She helps Bud see the distance on a map, then calculates using several resources how many hours it would take him to walk there: “Shucks, this is one of the bad things about talking to librarians. I asked one question and she already had us digging through three different books” (58).
Once Bud realizes Miss Hill cannot help him, he considers returning to the Home, but decides against it because so many other new children arrive each day. He returns with his suitcase to the pine tree where he slept, unconcerned: “That library door closing after I walked out was the exact kind of door Momma had told me about. I knew that since it had closed the next one was about to open” (59).
Bud wakes when someone sneaks close and jumps on him. It is his friend Bugs, who decided to run away from the Home and, inspired by hearing how Bud fought Todd Amos, is “going back to riding the rails” (62). They converse eagerly, with Bugs wanting to know “Did the guy cry after you whupped him?” (62) and Bud asking all about hopping and traveling on trains. They decide to hop a train going west to find work picking fruit and go to the mission to learn when and where they can hop a westbound train. Bugs and Bud hear they must go to “Hooperville” outside Flint. Once there, Bud sees only “huts and shacks throwed together out of pieces of boxes and wood and cloth” (64). Bugs calls it “just another cardboard jungle” (65) intended for train hoppers. They approach a small group of folks around a fire and a man explains they are in Flint’s Hooverville, one of many Depression-era shantytowns across the United States named for President Herbert Hoover. It is filled with hungry, homeless, and migrant people. Many men and boys wait to hop the train early the next morning. The man offers the boys dinner if they agree to help with clean-up and they eagerly agree.
Bud and Bugs eat muskrat stew and have seconds. A girl named Deza Malone takes Bud to a small stream where they wash dishes. Deza asks about Bud’s parents and he explains his momma died. She chats for a while with Bud and soon asks if he has ever kissed a girl. She moves in close and they kiss: “[…] I’d practiced on the back of my hand before, but this was the first time I’d ever busted slob with a real live girl before” (76). Later, Bud reflects on his suitcase possessions, then sleeps, dreaming of Deza Malone.
Before dawn, a shouting man wakes Bud, alerting all that the train is leaving. Bud and Bugs take off running through the woods with what looks like “a million” others intending to hop the train. At the tracks, local policemen employed by a man named Mr. Pinkerton try to prevent the men and boys from boarding, but soon the police give up because they are outnumbered. Bugs manages to jump on the departing train, but Bud cannot climb on. He takes his suitcase and returns to Hooverville, but more police arrive to burn it down. Bud decides to go back to Flint, aiming to get to the mission’s breakfast on time.
The Great Depression-era setting becomes clearer in this second set of chapters. The reader sees many people struggling to survive the failing economy and joblessness of the 1930s. First, Bud misses the line cut-off for the mission’s free breakfast, a line which stretches around the block. Inside, many people eat at long tables and signs indicate a constant turnaround: “Your neighbors will be eating after you” (51). Next, Bud sees people gathered in groups throughout Hooverville and learns that many other Hoovervilles exist. An unnamed man confirms that Hoovervilles are widespread with his ironic comment about President Hoover—"That’s right, Mr. Hoover worked so hard at making sure every city has got one that it seems like it would be criminal to call them anything else” (66). Also, to Bud, it seems as though “a million” men and boys race for the train in the hopes of a free trip west for work. Finally, when Bud considers returning to the Home, he recalls how crowded it is now with the orphaned and sick: “Going back to the Home was out, it used to be that we’d get a new kid every once in a while, but lately it seems like there’s a couples of new kids every day, mostly babies, and they’re most always sick” (59).
The author subtly establishes conflict in race relations in these chapters, though Bud does not directly comment on the topic. The white family on the billboard is well-to-do, an ironic choice for placement near a mission. In Flint’s Hooverville, a white family chooses to sit apart from Black families and rejects the offer of food and help: “Thank you very much, but we’re white people. We ain’t in need of a handout” (77).
Finally, these chapters continue to establish Bud as a strongminded and strong-willed character who thinks of himself as mature and “just about a man” (43). The reader learns from Bud’s anecdotes, reactions, and vocabulary that while he may be alone, “on the lam,” and somewhat street-smart compared to other 10-year-olds, he is as naïve and lacking in experience as most children; for example, when he mentions “finally” getting his first kiss, he refers to it as “mash[ing]” his face to hers and “bust[ing] slob.”
One interesting historical allusion in the text is the mention of Mr. Pinkerton as the man who hired the guards at the train to prevent the men trying to board for free. This refers to a detective agency operated by the Pinkerton family, who became known for solving and preventing train crimes in the 1850s.
By Christopher Paul Curtis
5th-6th Grade Historical Fiction
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African American Literature
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Childhood & Youth
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Colonialism & Postcolonialism
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Juvenile Literature
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Newbery Medal & Honor Books
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Poverty & Homelessness
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Realistic Fiction (Middle Grade)
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Required Reading Lists
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School Book List Titles
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Truth & Lies
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