38 pages • 1 hour read
Gary PaulsenA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Paulsen emphasizes this theme in each of the Hatchet series novels but expresses it most explicitly in Brian’s Return: “Man proposes, nature disposes” (4). Humans can predict weather and other natural events and plan accordingly, but nature will always have the upper hand. Humans cannot truly conquer nature, and nature will take its course whether one is prepared or not. Brian knows this and usually demonstrates preparedness, but still needs to be reminded of it on occasion.
Brian shows his wilderness experience by anticipating possibilities and preparing for them. When he travels in the canoe, he ties down all his gear, covers it in plastic bags, and keeps his bow and an arrow at the ready. He knows that the canoe could flip at some point, so he plans accordingly. However, in the midst of his seemingly flawless preparedness, the unexpected happens: a deer jumps into his canoe. This event is one he could have never predicted. However, because of his foresight in securing his gear, when the unexpected does happen, the damage is minimal. Paulsen uses this example to show that one must prepare as best as one can. Even then, a totally unanticipated event may occur, but if one has taken precautions, consequences will be minimal.
Because of nature’s unpredictability, Brian must be adaptable. People in civilization may carry out their plans no matter the weather or time of day. However, in the wilderness, the weather and other circumstances dictate what Brian can and cannot do, and to be successful, he must adapt to those restrictions. The deer forces him to camp earlier than he planned since his sleeping bag must dry out. Additionally, the torrential rain the following night compels him to stay put longer than he planned since the rest of his gear must dry. Brian does not allow this to weigh on him; although he scolds himself for being unprepared for the storm, he accepts the reality of his situation and learns from it.
Through the theme of nature’s unpredictability, Paulsen shows the power of nature and that it is a force that deserves respect. People living in the civilized world with modern conveniences can easily forget that nature cannot be tamed or domesticated. However, Brian’s experience of self-discovery shows the value of recognizing nature’s strength and beauty and learning from it with a spirit of humility and adaptability.
The author’s note at the end of the novel reveals that although he lived in a house or town for different seasons of his life, like Brian, Paulsen always felt the most at home living simply in the woods. In the novel, Paulsen imparts that keeping things simple is often best.
One way Paulsen emphasizes simplicity is through Brian’s choice of gear. Brian’s inventory list shows the careful decisions he makes about what to bring and reveals his preference for the most natural way rather than the easiest. For example, bringing a gun would make hunting efficient, but Brian prefers a bow because it minimizes noise and is fairer to the animals. Even when choosing a bow, he doesn’t select the most powerful or the most technologically advanced type; he opts for a simple, yet accurate bow because this is all he needs. The list shows Brian’s preference for simple gear that is effective and allows him to remain connected to nature.
Paulsen also highlights the beauty of simplicity through other characters such as Caleb and the fisherman Brian rides with in the plane. When Brian meets these characters, he expects them to be bothersome and nothing like him. However, in both instances, his expectations are proven wrong. Caleb is direct and matter-of-fact when he speaks to Brian. He keeps the story of his sudden blindness simple rather than going into the medical terms, and when he listens to Brian’s stories about the woods, he responds with simple and heartfelt observations. Brian respects Caleb for his unpretentious and kind ways, and the reader is encouraged to do the same. Furthermore, when Brian meets the fishermen, he is surprised to see that their gear is not fussy; it’s well-worn and well cared for. When he talks to them on the plane, they don’t pepper him with nosy questions about his time in the woods. Instead, they understand him and relate to his need to return to nature. Their plain gear and straightforward conversation both surprise and impress Brian. By placing these characters in a positive light, Paulsen shows the value of simplicity, both with one’s belongings and with one’s relationships to others. Brian encounters with adults who share this worldview help him to embrace the values of simplicity as an essential part of his identity.
Finally, Paulsen highlights the theme of simplicity through the events of the novel. Although exciting, dramatic moments occur in the novel such as the storm and wildlife sightings, Paulsen often describes the simple routines of Brian’s days. He highlights the step-by-step processes Brian must complete for small tasks such as making dinner. For one meal, Brian must catch fish in his canoe, clean the fish, gather wood, start a fire, cook the fish, clean the pot, bury the leftovers, and gather more wood for the morning. Paulsen’s descriptions of such everyday processes are not flashy or emotional, but they demonstrate the everyday responsibilities that consume Brian’s time in the woods. Brian’s days are simple, yet they are simultaneously extraordinary. He sees breathtaking scenery, learns things about nature that no science book records, and gains insight about himself. Through Brian’s experiences, Paulsen shows the beauty to be found in a simple life.
Paulsen creates a contrast between Brian's mental health at the beginning of the novel versus his mental health in the woods to show the vital role that connection to nature plays in Brian's sense of self. Brian is almost 16, an age typically associated with discovering who one is and what one wants out of life. Brian tries and fails to fit in and live a normal life, as defined by his parents and peers. Based on his sessions with Caleb, Brian knows that he must return to the woods before he can figure out his identity and what direction he wants his life to take.
Brian learned much about himself during his previous stints in nature, and he continues to do so during Brian's Return. More than anything else, Brian learns that he feels most at home in the woods, and that expecting himself to leave the woods behind means denying his identity. Brian meets multiple men in the novel who love nature like he does: the fishermen on their way to the woods for a brief fishing trip, and Billy, an outdoorsman who lives in the woods full time. Both offer glimpses of what Brian's life could be in the future. He could choose a path similar to the fisherman and live in the city most of the time, taking yearly trips to reconnect with nature. Alternatively, Billy offers a portrait of who Brian would become if he stays in the woods and makes them his home. Although Paulsen leaves Brian's path open-ended, he indicates that Brian gravitates towards Billy's path because Brian sees Billy as a representation of his future self.
Paulsen shows that understanding nature and understanding oneself go hand in hand for Brian. Brian longs to know more about the forest world he inhabits; this desire dictates his slow pace while hunting and adaptable attitude when things go wrong. The more he understands and knows about nature, the more Brian can discern the path he is to take. From Billy, Brian learns to allow nature to be his guide, showing him where to go, how long to stay, and what to do. The concept of medicine shows that Brian's connection to the woods is somewhat spiritual and is a feeling he can sense from being in-tune to his environment.
The novel's ending shows the change that comes over Brian once he allows nature, or his medicine, to point the way. Paulsen highlights a distinct moment of realization for Brian when he decides to continue exploring rather than head directly for the Smallhorns, as was his intention. His changed course shows that he is now allowing nature to lead the way and show him where to go. Brian doesn't know what the future may hold for him, nor does he have a list of goals he hopes to achieve. Instead, he has an appreciation and respect for the natural world, and a desire to know more. His sense of self is intertwined with nature, and always will be, making the wilderness the only place that Brian can truly come of age. Brian doesn't need to change himself to fit in with what the world considers normal; he finds that it's ok to embrace an unconventional life because it brings him peace and fulfillment.
By Gary Paulsen
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