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50 pages 1 hour read

Robin Ha

Almost American Girl

Nonfiction | Graphic Memoir | YA | Published in 2020

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Key Figures

Robin Ha (Ha Chuna)

Robin Ha is the protagonist, author, and illustrator of Almost American Girl. “Ha Chuna” is Robin’s Korean name. In Korean naming conventions, one’s family name comes before their personal name—the opposite of Western naming conventions.

Robin says that several of her physical characteristics are “unusual for Koreans” (2). She has frizzy curly hair cut into a “boy’s cut.” At 14, she is 5’6”, which makes her feel like a “giant” compared to her peers in Seoul. In Korea, Robin has a flourishing group of friends with whom she shares common interests. They all love the same types of comics and attend the same “hagwon,” or cram school. After school, they visit food stands, cafes, stationery stores, and comic stores.

When she gets to Alabama, Robin has trouble forming these types of relationships due to linguistic and cultural barriers. Her struggle with overcoming these barriers is one of the two main conflicts that inform her character. For her first few months in the United States, Robin’s “lack of English was building a wall” between her and potential friends (123). When she goes trick-or-treating with a girl from her aunt’s church, Diane talks so much and so quickly that Robin’s translation skills cannot keep up. She illustrates herself and Diane separated by a transparent sheet. From behind the sheet, Robin thinks in Korean: “I am not ignoring you. I just can’t understand you!” (123).

Some peers bully her with racist language like Bryan, while others bully her with passive-aggressive behavior like her stepcousin Ashley. This behavior robs Robin of her confidence. She does not know how to ask people to speak slower or be patient with her, or how to tell them that she cannot understand them. Only after Robin finds teens with similar interests does she slowly begin to develop the confidence to tackle the barriers she faces.

Robin’s relationship with her mother is the second main conflict that contributes to her characterization. Robin relies deeply on her mother, yet she occasionally resents her for uprooting their lives without warning. She and her mother process their emotions in different ways. Her mother is stoic while Robin often grows emotional; her mother calls this type of behavior “wimpy” and subjects Robin to situations that make her feel uncomfortable in an attempt to get her to “grow a backbone” (131). As a teen, Robin believes that her mother is trying to make her into who she wishes she could have been. As she grows and becomes more aware of the complex social factors that made her mother act the way she did, Robin feels more empathy toward her mother.

Robin’s Mom

Robin’s mother is a secondary main character who drives most of the conflict in the narrative. Sections of her history that inform the present narrative are depicted in flashback panels that are less vibrant and more sepia-toned. Robin’s mother raises Robin as a single parent, which earns her scorn and judgment from Robin’s teachers and the parents of her peers in Seoul. Her mother’s decisions sometimes cause Robin distress and frustration. Robin thinks that her mother is foisting the life she wishes she had on Robin, when actually her mother wants to provide Robin with a life free from the type of judgment she has faced.

Robin’s mother’s parents were traditional and did not have money to spare for non-essential things. When she was a girl and wanted piano lessons, her father tells her, “Don’t be silly. We don’t have the money to send a girl to piano lessons” (129). His words implied that they might have spared the money for a son, but not a daughter. In response, Robin’s mother says, “When I have a daughter, I will never deny her anything!” (129). Robin’s mother wants to break the cycle of how daughters are treated, the luxuries they are denied, and the judgment they face based on their gender.

Robin’s schoolmates’ parents gossip about how her mother is single and whether she had Robin “outside of marriage” (74). As Robin gets older, she sees that single mothers on Korean television shows are portrayed as either “evil mistresses or helpless victims” (150). When Robin’s mother upgrades her salon, people wonder how she got the money and assume “she must be some rich guy’s mistress” (151). Social mores make that option more plausible than the idea that a single mother could have provided for herself.

Robin’s mother’s parents died when she was a teenager, and she was ostracized from the rest of her family after having Robin. They told her, “You’re a bad example to my children” (150). A panel depicts a toddler-aged Robin and her mother walking away from the rest of their family, accompanied by the note that “In Korea, it is common for single mothers to be disowned by their families” (150). These traditional social mores mean Robin’s mother cannot live her life how she wants to without facing prejudice from those around her.

When Robin’s mother sees American movies, she sees a society where people are free to live as they wish without judgment. She decides that “Whatever America is like, it’ll be better than raising [Robin] here” (154). While Robin’s main stress in the United States stems from how unlike Korea it is, her mother’s main stress stems from how like Korea it is. She left her home country to “run far away from her past,” but soon “realized she was doomed to repeat it" (138). Though they have lived in the United States for decades, her new husband Mr. Kim’s family abides by traditional values. They come to her house daily, comment on Robin’s clothes and her mother’s cooking, and scold her for not going with Mr. Kim to LA to look for work. Robin’s mother thinks, “I left Korea so I wouldn’t have to deal with this kind of crap!” (128). What bothers her most is how “docile” her new sister-in-law is, and how her new brother-in-law and mother-in-law order her around and take advantage of her. Her decision toward the end of the memoir to leave with Robin for Virginia finally gives her the independence she craves.

Though Robin gets frustrated by how her mother moves them around the world without asking her opinion, she eventually grows to understand that she did so to give her an independence and autonomy she would not have experienced if they had stayed at home.

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